Gharpinde Milind R, Jaiswal Ankit M, Dhanwani Yash
Orthopedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Sep 5;16(9):e68701. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68701. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most prevalent knee injuries, particularly in athletes engaged in high-impact sports. ACL reconstruction is a widely performed surgical procedure to restore knee stability, prevent further knee damage, and enable patients to return to their previous physical activity levels. However, the success of ACL reconstruction is influenced by various factors, including the choice of graft and the surgical technique employed. This comprehensive review explores the outcomes of different graft options - autografts, allografts, and synthetic grafts - and various surgical techniques such as single-bundle versus double-bundle reconstruction and anatomic versus non-anatomic tunnel placement. The review analyzes the short- and long-term outcomes, including functional recovery, return to sports, complication rates, and the impact of patient-specific factors such as age, activity level, and comorbidities. Additionally, the review discusses the role of rehabilitation protocols in optimizing surgical outcomes. By synthesizing current evidence, this review aims to provide clinicians with insights into the most effective graft choices and surgical techniques for primary ACL reconstruction, ultimately guiding the optimization of patient outcomes and highlighting areas for future research.
前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤是最常见的膝关节损伤之一，在从事高冲击力运动的运动员中尤为常见。ACL重建是一种广泛开展的外科手术，用于恢复膝关节稳定性、防止膝关节进一步损伤，并使患者能够恢复到之前的身体活动水平。然而，ACL重建的成功受到多种因素影响，包括移植物的选择和所采用的手术技术。这篇综述探讨了不同移植物选择（自体移植物、异体移植物和人工合成移植物）以及各种手术技术（如单束与双束重建以及解剖学与非解剖学隧道置入）的效果。该综述分析了短期和长期结果，包括功能恢复、重返运动、并发症发生率以及年龄、活动水平和合并症等患者特定因素的影响。此外，综述还讨论了康复方案在优化手术结果中的作用。通过综合现有证据，本综述旨在为临床医生提供有关初次ACL重建最有效移植物选择和手术技术的见解，最终指导优化患者治疗效果并突出未来研究方向。
