He Xiao-Yan, Tan Wen-Yan, Guo Li-Li, Ji Ying-Ying, Jia Fu-Jun, Wang Shi-Bin
The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2024 Sep 30;17:2305-2318. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S479868. eCollection 2024.
The study aims to understanding the mental health literacy level of urban and rural residents in Guangdong Province, the first major province in China, and its influencing factors is crucial.
A multi-stage stratified equal-volume random sampling method was adopted in October-December 2022 to select permanent residents aged 18 years and above in Guangdong Province for the questionnaire survey, which consisted of a general demographic information questionnaire and a national mental health literacy questionnaire. Rao-Scott -test with correction based on sampling design, independent samples -test and binary multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.
A total of 51744 individuals completed the questionnaire, including 31822 urban residents and 19200 rural residents. The rate of achievement of mental health literacy was 13.6% among urban residents, which was significantly higher compared to the rate of 8.6% among rural residents. Logistic regression analysis showed that female, higher education, being mental worker, being a retiree, having a higher monthly household income, maintaining a regular diet, and using electronic products for 2-6 hours per day were protective factors for mental health literacy attainment in urban residents, while having chronic diseases, being a smoker and having a history of drinking were identified as risk factors in urban residents. Among in rural residents, married, younger, higher education, being mental worker and using electronic products for 2-6 hours per day, maintaining a regular diet, and engaging in regular exercise were protective factors for achieving mental health literacy, while previous smoking was a risk factor.
The study revealed a low level of mental health literacy among urban and rural residents of Guangdong Province, with a significant disparity between the two areas. These findings highlight the need for continuing efforts to increase the dissemination of mental health knowledge in rural communities and improve levels of mental health literacy.
了解中国第一经济大省广东省城乡居民的心理健康素养水平及其影响因素至关重要。
于2022年10月至12月采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法，选取广东省18岁及以上常住人口进行问卷调查，问卷包括一般人口学信息问卷和全国心理健康素养问卷。进行基于抽样设计校正的Rao-Scott检验、独立样本检验和二元多因素logistic回归分析。
共51744人完成问卷，其中城市居民31822人，农村居民19200人。城市居民心理健康素养达标率为13.6%，显著高于农村居民的8.6%。logistic回归分析显示，女性、高学历、脑力劳动者、退休人员、家庭月收入较高、饮食规律、每天使用电子产品2 - 6小时是城市居民心理健康素养达标的保护因素，而患有慢性病、吸烟、有饮酒史是城市居民的危险因素。在农村居民中，已婚、年轻、高学历、脑力劳动者、每天使用电子产品2 - 6小时、饮食规律、经常锻炼是心理健康素养达标的保护因素，而既往吸烟是危险因素。
研究揭示广东省城乡居民心理健康素养水平较低，且两个地区之间存在显著差异。这些发现凸显了持续努力在农村社区增加心理健康知识传播并提高心理健康素养水平的必要性。
