Li Bai-Jun, Bao Ruo-Xuan, Shi Yan-Na, Grierson Donald, Chen Kun-Song
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, No.100, East Daxue Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Hortic Res. 2024 Jul 31;11(10):uhae209. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhae209. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Auxin response transcription factors (ARFs) form a large gene family, many of whose members operate at the final step of the auxin signaling pathway. ARFs participate directly in many aspects of plant growth and development. Here we summarize recent advances in understanding the roles of ARFs in regulating aspects of fleshy fruit development and ripening. ARFs play a crucial role in regulating fruit size, color, nutrients, texture, yield, and other properties that ultimately influence the ripening and quality of important crops such as tomato, apple, strawberry, and peach. ARFs impact these processes acting as positive, negative, or bidirectional regulators via phytohormone-dependent or -independent mechanisms. In the phytohormone-dependent pathway, ARFs act as a central hub linking interactions with multiple phytohormones generating diverse effects. The three domains within ARFs, namely the DNA-binding domain, the middle region, and the carboxy-terminal dimerization domain, exhibit distinct yet overlapping functions, contributing to a range of mechanisms mediated by ARFs. These findings not only provide a profound understanding of ARF functions, but also raise new questions. Further exploration can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of fleshy fruit development and ripening mediated by ARFs.
生长素响应转录因子（ARFs）构成了一个庞大的基因家族，其许多成员在生长素信号通路的最后一步发挥作用。ARFs直接参与植物生长和发育的许多方面。在此，我们总结了在理解ARFs在调节肉质果实发育和成熟方面作用的最新进展。ARFs在调节果实大小、颜色、营养成分、质地、产量以及其他最终影响番茄、苹果、草莓和桃子等重要作物成熟和品质的特性方面发挥着关键作用。ARFs通过依赖或不依赖植物激素的机制，作为正向、负向或双向调节因子影响这些过程。在依赖植物激素的途径中，ARFs作为一个中心枢纽，连接与多种植物激素的相互作用，产生多种效应。ARFs内的三个结构域，即DNA结合结构域、中间区域和羧基末端二聚化结构域，表现出不同但重叠的功能，促成了ARFs介导的一系列机制。这些发现不仅为ARF功能提供了深刻的理解，也提出了新的问题。进一步探索可导致对ARFs介导的肉质果实发育和成熟调控机制有更全面的理解。
