Liao Jinlin, Wang Jing, Jia Shuqi, Cai Zhidong, Liu Hairong
College of Physical Education and Health, Longyan University, Longyan, China.
School of Sports and Health of Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2024 Sep 20;16:1453527. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1453527. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between muscle strength, working memory, and activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults. Additionally, it seeks to clarify the pathways and effects of working memory in mediating the relationship between muscle strength and ADL.
Using a cross-sectional study design, we recruited 245 older adults individuals from nursing homes. We collected data on grip strength, the 30-s sit-to-stand test, the N-back task, and ADL. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, χ2 tests, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling.
Grip strength significantly influenced ADL (effect size = -0.175, 95% CI: -0.226 to -0.124). Grip strength also had a significant direct effect on ADL (effect size = -0.114, 95% CI: -0.161 to -0.067). The 1-back task correct rate significantly mediated the relationship between grip strength and ADL (effect size = 0.054, 95% CI: -0.084 to -0.029). The 30-s sit-to-stand test significantly impacted ADL (effect size = -0.280, 95% CI: -0.358 to -0.203). It also had a significant direct effect on ADL (effect size = -0.095, 95% CI: -0.183 to -0.007). The 1-back task correct rate significantly mediated the relationship between the 30-s sit-to-stand test and ADL (effect size = -0.166, 95% CI: -0.236 to -0.106).
There exists a strong correlation between muscle strength, working memory, and ADL. Increased muscle strength leads to better ADL performance and improved working memory tasks. Low cognitive load working memory tasks can mediate the relationship between muscle strength and ADL. Regular physical exercise can enhance muscle strength, slow down the decline of working memory, thereby maintaining or improving ADL in older adults.
本研究旨在调查老年人肌肉力量、工作记忆与日常生活活动（ADL）之间的关系。此外，还试图阐明工作记忆在调节肌肉力量与ADL关系中的途径和作用。
采用横断面研究设计，我们从养老院招募了245名老年人。我们收集了握力、30秒坐立试验、N-back任务和ADL的数据。使用独立样本t检验、χ2检验、相关分析和结构方程模型对数据进行分析。
握力对ADL有显著影响（效应量=-0.175，95%CI：-0.226至-0.124）。握力对ADL也有显著的直接影响（效应量=-0.114，95%CI：-0.161至-0.067）。1-back任务正确率显著介导了握力与ADL之间的关系（效应量=0.054，95%CI：-0.084至-0.029）。30秒坐立试验对ADL有显著影响（效应量=-0.280，95%CI：-0.358至-0.203）。它对ADL也有显著的直接影响（效应量=-0.095，95%CI：-0.183至-0.007）。1-back任务正确率显著介导了30秒坐立试验与ADL之间的关系（效应量=-0.166，95%CI：-0.236至-0.106）。
肌肉力量、工作记忆与ADL之间存在很强的相关性。肌肉力量的增强会导致更好的ADL表现和工作记忆任务的改善。低认知负荷的工作记忆任务可以介导肌肉力量与ADL之间的关系。定期体育锻炼可以增强肌肉力量，减缓工作记忆的衰退，从而维持或改善老年人的ADL。
