Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Unit for Depression, Aalborg University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aalborg, Denmark.
Eur Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 7;67(1):e62. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1773.
Music listening has been used as a sleep intervention among different populations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore whether music is an effective sleep aid in adults with mental health problems.
We searched for studies investigating music interventions for sleep in adults with mental health problems. The primary outcome was subjective sleep quality; secondary outcomes were objective sleep outcomes, quality of life, and other mental health symptoms. Risk of bias assessment (RoB1) and random-effect model were used for the systematic review and meta-analyses.
The initial screening ( = 1492) resulted in 15 studies in the systematic review. Further qualified studies led to the meta-analysis of sleep quality ( = 7), depression ( = 5), and anxiety ( = 5). We found that the music listening intervention showed a potential effect on subjective sleep quality improvement compared to treatment-as-usual or no-intervention groups. When excluding an outlier study with an extreme effect, the meta-analysis showed a moderate effect on sleep quality (Hedges' = -0.66, 95% CI [-1.19, -0.13], = -3.21, = 0.0236). The highest risk of bias was the blinding of participants and researchers due to the nature of the music intervention.
Our results suggest that music interventions could have the potential to improve sleep quality among individuals with mental health problems, even though more high-quality studies are needed to establish the effect fully.
音乐聆听已被用作不同人群的睡眠干预措施。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在探讨音乐是否对有心理健康问题的成年人有促进睡眠的作用。
我们检索了关于音乐干预对有心理健康问题的成年人睡眠影响的研究。主要结局是主观睡眠质量；次要结局是客观睡眠结果、生活质量和其他心理健康症状。采用偏倚风险评估（RoB1）和随机效应模型进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
初步筛选（=1492）得出了 15 项系统评价研究。进一步的合格研究导致了睡眠质量（=7）、抑郁（=5）和焦虑（=5）的荟萃分析。我们发现，与常规治疗或无干预组相比，音乐聆听干预对改善主观睡眠质量有潜在作用。当排除一项具有极端效应的异常值研究后，荟萃分析显示音乐干预对睡眠质量有中度影响（Hedges' =−0.66，95% CI [−1.19，−0.13]， =−3.21， =0.0236）。由于音乐干预的性质，参与者和研究人员的盲法是最高偏倚风险。
我们的结果表明，音乐干预可能有潜力改善有心理健康问题的个体的睡眠质量，尽管需要更多高质量的研究来充分确定其效果。
