State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
FB Genetics, Four Brothers Group, Lahore, Pakistan.
Funct Integr Genomics. 2024 Oct 7;24(5):185. doi: 10.1007/s10142-024-01456-2.
Elevated temperatures during grain filling stage, exceeding the optimal range by 3-4 °C, not only results in a substantial yield reduction in wheat by 10-50% but activates disease and insect infestation. In this research, we introduced heat-tolerant MYB36 and APX-1 gene cassettes into wheat, employing an efficient Agrobacterium mediated transformation protocol, demonstrating higher transformation efficiency. The study encompassed the assembly of MYB36 and APX-1 gene cassettes, and confirmation of gene products in Agrobacterium, followed by the transformation of the MYB36 and APX-1 genes into wheat explants. We were able to select transgenic plant with various combinations. The transgenic plants with APX-1 gene alone produced medium sized grain and spike whereas with both APX-1 and MYB36 genes expressed individually under SPS and rd29a promoter respectively showed good tolerance to heat at 32C at grain filling/milking stage and produced relatively bold grains. While non-transgenic plants grains were wrinkled with thin spike showing susceptibility to heat. This research contributes to the broader scientific understanding of plant stress responses and the combined effectiveness of MYB36 and APX-1 genes in crop improvement without disturbing normal nutritional values. The gene integration can serve as a valuable tool in breeding programs aimed at developing heat-tolerant wheat varieties. These findings also advance our comprehension of the functions of heat-induced genes and lay the foundation for selecting optimal candidates for in-depth functional studies of heat-responsive MYB36 and APX-1 genes in wheat.
在灌浆期温度升高,超过最佳范围 3-4°C,不仅会导致小麦产量大幅减少 10-50%,还会激活病虫害。在这项研究中,我们采用高效的农杆菌介导转化方案,将耐热 MYB36 和 APX-1 基因盒导入小麦中,证明了更高的转化效率。研究包括 MYB36 和 APX-1 基因盒的组装,以及在农杆菌中基因产物的确认,然后将 MYB36 和 APX-1 基因转化为小麦外植体。我们能够选择具有各种组合的转基因植物。单独带有 APX-1 基因的转基因植物产生中等大小的谷物和穗,而单独带有 APX-1 和 MYB36 基因的植物在 SPS 和 rd29a 启动子下分别表达时,在灌浆/乳熟期 32°C 的高温下表现出良好的耐热性,并且产生相对饱满的谷物。而非转基因植物的谷物起皱,穗小,表现出对高温的敏感性。这项研究为植物应激反应的更广泛的科学理解以及 MYB36 和 APX-1 基因在作物改良中的综合有效性做出了贡献,而不会干扰正常的营养价值。基因整合可以作为一个有价值的工具,用于开发耐热小麦品种的选育计划。这些发现还提高了我们对热诱导基因功能的理解,为选择最佳的小麦热响应 MYB36 和 APX-1 基因进行深入功能研究奠定了基础。