Kaur Ranjeet, Sinha Kshitija, Bhunia Rupam Kumar
Department of Biotechnology, Mangalmay Group of Institutions, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306, India.
Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2019 Apr;46(2):2577-2593. doi: 10.1007/s11033-019-04686-x. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
Wheat is an important cereal crop that fulfils the calorie demands of the global humanity. Rapidly expanding populations are exposed to a fast approaching acute shortage in the adequate supply of food and fibre from agricultural resources. One of the significant threats to food security lies in the constantly increasing global temperatures which inflict serious injuries to the plants in terms of various physiological, biochemical and molecular processes. Wheat being a cool season crop is majorly impacted by the heat stress which adversely affects crop productivity and yield. These challenges would be potentially defeated with the implementation of genetic engineering strategies coupled with the new genome editing approaches. Development of transgenic plants for various crops has proved very effective for the incorporation of improved varietal traits in context of heat stress. With a similar approach, we need to target for the generation of heat stress tolerant wheat varieties which are capable of survival in such adverse conditions and yet produce well. In this review, we enumerate the current status of research on the heat stress responsive genes/factors and their potential role in mitigating heat stress in plants particularly in wheat with an aim to help the researchers get a holistic view of this topic. Also, we discuss on the prospective signalling pathway that is triggered in plants in general under heat stress.
小麦是一种重要的谷类作物，满足了全球人类的热量需求。迅速增长的人口面临着农业资源中食物和纤维充足供应即将快速出现的严重短缺。粮食安全的重大威胁之一在于全球气温不断上升，这在各种生理、生化和分子过程方面对植物造成严重损害。小麦作为一种冷季作物，主要受到热胁迫的影响，这对作物生产力和产量产生不利影响。通过实施基因工程策略和新的基因组编辑方法，这些挑战有可能被克服。事实证明，为各种作物培育转基因植物对于在热胁迫背景下融入改良品种性状非常有效。采用类似方法，我们需要致力于培育耐热小麦品种，这些品种能够在这种不利条件下存活并仍能良好生长。在这篇综述中，我们列举了热胁迫响应基因/因子的研究现状及其在减轻植物特别是小麦热胁迫方面的潜在作用，旨在帮助研究人员全面了解这一主题。此外，我们还讨论了一般情况下植物在热胁迫下触发的潜在信号通路。
