Swetha Kambala, Reddy Bhavanam Sudhakara, Shobhamani Bollam, Sivajothi Sirigireddy
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, 516360, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Acta Parasitol. 2024 Dec;69(4):1896-1910. doi: 10.1007/s11686-024-00927-7. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
Tropical theileriosis is a tick-borne haemoprotozoan disease, and cardiac function assessment in buffaloes with theileriosis was poorly documented.
The Present study was carried out from April 2022 to December 2022. Theileriosis was confirmed by microscopic examination of stained blood smears and lymphnode smears further confirmed by PCR assay. Electrocardiography was performed by using the base apex lead system, and echocardiography was performed by using the right parasternal view.
The incidence of theileriosis was 16.25% by examination of stained blood smears, and 30.42% by PCR examination in 240 buffaloes. Repeatedly noted clinical signs were the absence of rumination, anorexia, loss of milk yield, depressed demeanour, emaciation, hyperthermia, lymphadenopathy, tick infestation, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, and increased intensity of heartbeat. Haematological findings disclosed decreased haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, and neutrophils; increased eosinophils and monocytes. Serum biochemical findings revealed decreased albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, glucose, calcium, phosphorous, sodium, potassium, and chloride; increased globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and creatine kinase myocardial band isoenzymes. Electrocardiography explorations were sinus tachycardia, broad T wave, and sinus arrhythmia. Echocardiography examination showed ventricular wall thickening, cardiac chamber dilatation, valvular defects/valvular regurgitation, and pericarditis/cardiac tamponade.
The present research proposes the changes in the electrocardiography and echocardiography findings in buffaloes with theileriosis, which are essential in clinics to identify the secondary complications during theileriosis and formulate therapeutics.
热带泰勒虫病是一种蜱传播的血液原虫病，关于泰勒虫病水牛心脏功能评估的文献记载较少。
本研究于2022年4月至2022年12月进行。通过对染色血涂片进行显微镜检查确诊泰勒虫病，淋巴结涂片经聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测进一步确诊。采用基础心尖导联系统进行心电图检查，采用右胸骨旁视图进行超声心动图检查。
在240头水牛中，经染色血涂片检查泰勒虫病发病率为16.25%，经PCR检查为30.42%。反复出现的临床症状有无反刍、厌食、产奶量下降、神情抑郁、消瘦、体温过高、淋巴结病、蜱虫感染、心动过速、心律失常和心跳强度增加。血液学检查结果显示血红蛋白、血细胞比容、总红细胞计数和中性粒细胞减少；嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞增加。血清生化检查结果显示白蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白比值、葡萄糖、钙、磷、钠、钾和氯减少；球蛋白、天冬氨酸转氨酶、胆红素、血尿素氮、肌酐、胆固醇、乳酸脱氢酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶和肌酸激酶心肌带同工酶增加。心电图检查结果为窦性心动过速、T波增宽和窦性心律失常。超声心动图检查显示心室壁增厚、心腔扩张、瓣膜缺损/瓣膜反流以及心包炎/心脏压塞。
本研究提出了泰勒虫病水牛心电图和超声心动图检查结果的变化，这对临床识别泰勒虫病期间的继发性并发症和制定治疗方案至关重要。
