Braüner Torben, Ghosh Aishwarya, Ghosh Sujata
Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
University of Utah, 260 Central Campus drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
Cogn Process. 2025 Feb;26(1):201-218. doi: 10.1007/s10339-024-01233-w. Epub 2024 Oct 7.
Recent studies have shown that in some reasoning tasks people with Autism Spectrum Disorder perform better than typically developing people. This paper compares four such tasks, namely a syllogistic task, two decision-making tasks, and a task from the heuristics and biases literature, the aim being to identify common structure as well as differences. In the terminology of David Marr's three levels of cognitive systems, the tasks show commonalities on the computational level in terms of the effect of contextual stimuli, though an in-depth analysis of such contexts provides certain distinguishing features in the algorithmic level. We also make some general remarks on our approach, so as to set the stage for further studies in the area which could provide a better understanding of the reasoning process of ASD individuals.
最近的研究表明，在一些推理任务中，自闭症谱系障碍患者的表现优于正常发育的人。本文比较了四个这样的任务，即一个三段论任务、两个决策任务，以及一个来自启发式与偏差文献的任务，目的是识别共同结构以及差异。用大卫·马尔的认知系统三个层次的术语来说，这些任务在计算层次上就情境刺激的影响而言显示出共性，不过对这些情境的深入分析在算法层次上提供了某些区别特征。我们还对我们的方法做了一些一般性评论，以便为该领域的进一步研究奠定基础，这些研究可以更好地理解自闭症谱系障碍个体的推理过程。
