Rowe Michael
Department of Physiotherapy, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
S Afr J Physiother. 2015 Jul 1;71(1):1-6. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v71i1.247. eCollection 2015.
In order to negotiate complex clinical environments successfully, healthcare professionals must be more than competent - they must demonstrate an ability to adapt to dynamic situations and continually improve performance. However, emphasis on knowledge and skills alone may ignore opportunities for professional development that enables students to become practitioners.
The aim of this study was to ascertain what clinical experts believe are the essential characteristics of capable healthcare professionals that go beyond academic and technical competencies.
This study used a nominal group technique (NGT) to gather data from a panel of South African and international clinical experts, using open-ended questions and qualitative data analysis to determine emergent themes. The NGT is an interpretive research method that can be used to explore poorly defined topics, in this case to develop an understanding of the characteristics of health professionals that go beyond knowledge and technical skill.
Panel members highlighted the importance of knowledge and skills for competent practice, but also explored other aspects of the learning process as part of developing professional identity. These included self-evaluation as part of professional development, building relationships with patients, and the importance of acknowledging students' emotional responses to the clinical environment. Panel members also discussed the challenge of inappropriate role-models in the clinical context, who may have a negative influence on the development of professional practice.
By including the concept of capability alongside competency in undergraduate healthcare curricula clinical educators can help students develop a sense of being that emphasises professional growth alongside knowledge and technical skills.
为了在复杂的临床环境中成功应对，医疗保健专业人员必须不仅仅具备胜任能力——他们必须展现出适应动态情况并持续提升表现的能力。然而，仅强调知识和技能可能会忽视有助于学生成为从业者的职业发展机会。
本研究的目的是确定临床专家认为超越学术和技术能力的胜任医疗保健专业人员的基本特征。
本研究使用名义小组技术（NGT）从南非和国际临床专家小组收集数据，通过开放式问题和定性数据分析来确定新出现的主题。名义小组技术是一种解释性研究方法，可用于探索定义不明确的主题，在本案例中是为了深入了解超越知识和技术技能的卫生专业人员的特征。
小组成员强调了知识和技能对于胜任实践的重要性，但也探讨了学习过程的其他方面，将其作为塑造职业身份的一部分。这些方面包括作为职业发展一部分的自我评估、与患者建立关系以及认识到学生对临床环境的情感反应的重要性。小组成员还讨论了临床环境中不适当榜样的挑战，这些榜样可能会对专业实践的发展产生负面影响。
通过在本科医疗保健课程中除了能力之外纳入能力概念，临床教育工作者可以帮助学生培养一种强调职业成长与知识和技术技能并重的自我认知。
