Kakushima Naomi, Ohki Daisuke, Miura Yuko, Fujishiro Mitsuhiro, Sho Masayuki
Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Dec;39(12):2672-2676. doi: 10.1111/jgh.16766. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
Epidemiological research is scarce in Asian countries including Japan. We aimed to clarify the epidemiological trend of nonampullary duodenal cancer (NADC) in Japan using a national database.
All patients with NADC diagnosed between 2016 and 2020 were identified from the Japanese national cancer registry. The crude and age-adjusted incidences were determined and temporal trends including diagnostic mode, tumor stage, and treatments were analyzed.
A total of 14 484 patients were included. The crude and age-adjusted incidences were 21.8-23.5 and 10.7-12.1 per 1 000 000 person-years. Male-to-female ratio was 1.7:1, and the incidence increased with age. The number of patients was highest among 70-79 year age group in both sexes. In total, 55% of patients were diagnosed during screening or surveillance for other diseases. In 54% of patients, the tumor stage was localized. The major treatment was surgery (32%), followed by endoscopic resection (27%). The trends for detection mode, tumor stage, and treatment were consistent during 2016-2020.
This study clarified and confirmed the high incidence of duodenal cancer in Japan. Characteristically, many NADC cases are diagnosed asymptomatically and treated by endoscopic or surgical treatment.
在包括日本在内的亚洲国家，流行病学研究较为匮乏。我们旨在利用全国性数据库阐明日本非壶腹十二指肠癌（NADC）的流行病学趋势。
从日本国家癌症登记处识别出2016年至2020年间诊断为NADC的所有患者。确定粗发病率和年龄调整发病率，并分析包括诊断方式、肿瘤分期和治疗方法在内的时间趋势。
共纳入14484例患者。粗发病率和年龄调整发病率分别为每100万人年21.8 - 23.5例和10.7 - 12.1例。男女比例为1.7:1，发病率随年龄增长而升高。在70 - 79岁年龄组中，男女患者数量均最多。总体而言，55%的患者是在对其他疾病进行筛查或监测期间被诊断出来的。54%的患者肿瘤分期为局限性。主要治疗方法是手术（32%），其次是内镜切除（27%）。2016 - 2020年期间，检测方式、肿瘤分期和治疗方法的趋势保持一致。
本研究阐明并证实了日本十二指肠癌的高发病率。其特点是，许多NADC病例是无症状诊断出来的，并通过内镜或手术治疗。
