Department of Clinical Laboratory, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Cancer Med. 2024 Oct;13(19):e70202. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70202.
An increasing body of evidence suggests a close association between COVID-19 infection and the safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy in cancer patients. However, the available data concerning these impacts remain limited and occasionally contradictory.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of cancer patients who received PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy at the same institution from November 2022 to May 2023. After excluding patients with missing information, a total of 224 cases were included. In our study, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that occurred during the hospitalization of patients were included in the analysis. Further analysis of inter-subgroup differences was conducted following a 1:2 propensity score matching. Statistical analyses were performed using the Fisher's exact, chi-squared, and Mann-Whitney U-tests.
The results showed that no statistically significant differences between the two subgroups in the incidence of irAEs, changes in immune function before and after using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, and alterations in hepatic and renal function (p > 0.05).
Our findings suggest that infection with COVID-19 does not significantly impact the safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in cancer patients. Most cancer patients used PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors during COVID-19 infection (asymptomatic or mild infection) did not experience exacerbation of their underlying condition, nor did they exhibit a substantial increase in toxic side effects.
越来越多的证据表明，COVID-19 感染与癌症患者接受 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂治疗的安全性密切相关。然而，关于这些影响的可用数据仍然有限，且偶尔存在矛盾。
我们对 2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 5 月期间在同一机构接受 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂治疗的癌症患者进行了回顾性分析。排除信息缺失的患者后，共纳入 224 例患者。在本研究中，我们分析了患者住院期间发生的免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）。随后，采用 1:2 倾向评分匹配对亚组间差异进行了进一步分析。采用 Fisher 精确检验、卡方检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验进行统计学分析。
结果显示，两组间 irAEs 的发生率、使用 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂前后免疫功能的变化以及肝肾功能的改变均无统计学差异（p>0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，COVID-19 感染不会显著影响癌症患者使用 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂的安全性。大多数癌症患者在 COVID-19 感染期间（无症状或轻度感染）使用 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂并未导致基础疾病恶化，也未出现毒性副作用显著增加。
