Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, 900 Joaquim Sá St, Fortaleza, Ceará,, 60.135-218, Brazil.
Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, 900 Joaquim Sá St, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Clin Oral Investig. 2024 Oct 8;28(11):578. doi: 10.1007/s00784-024-05959-x.
To analyze the incorporation of cardanol trimethacrylate monomer (CTMA), derived from the cashew nut shell liquid, as a substitute for Bis-GMA in acrylic resins formulations and its effect on experimental resin composites' physicochemical and mechanical properties.
The intermediary cardanol epoxy was synthesized via cardanol epoxidation, followed by the synthesis of CTMA through methacrylic anhydride solvent-free esterification. Experimental resin composites were formulated with an organic matrix composed of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (50/50 wt %) (control). CTMA was gradually added to replace different proportions of Bis-GMA: 10 wt % (CTMA-10), 20 wt % (CTMA-20), 40 wt % (CTMA-40), and 50 wt % (CTMA-50). The composites were characterized by degree of conversion, water sorption and solubility, viscosity, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, flexural strength and elastic modulus. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α = 0.05), except for water sorption data, which were analyzed by Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn's method.
CTMA-based and control composites did not show statistically significant differences regarding degree of conversion, flexural strength and elastic modulus. CTMA reduced the viscosity and solubility compared to the Bis-GMA-based composite. The CTMA-40 and CTMA-50 exhibited significantly lower water sorption compared to the control. Also, acceptable thermal stability and viscoelastic properties were obtained for safe use in the oral cavity.
Incorporating CTMA into composites resulted in similar chemical and mechanical properties compared to Bis-GMA-based material while reducing viscosity, water sorption and solubility.
CTMA could be used as a trimethacrylate monomer replacing Bis-GMA in resin composites, thereby minimizing BPA exposure.
分析腰果壳液衍生的腰果酚三甲基丙烯酸酯单体（CTMA）替代 Bis-GMA 引入丙烯酸树脂配方及其对实验性树脂复合材料物理化学和机械性能的影响。
通过腰果酚环氧化反应合成中间产物腰果酚环氧，然后通过无溶剂酯化法用甲基丙烯酰基酐合成 CTMA。实验性树脂复合材料的有机基质由 Bis-GMA/TEGDMA（50/50wt%）（对照）组成。逐渐添加 CTMA 以替代不同比例的 Bis-GMA：10wt%（CTMA-10）、20wt%（CTMA-20）、40wt%（CTMA-40）和 50wt%（CTMA-50）。通过转化率、吸水率和溶解度、粘度、热重分析、动态力学分析、弯曲强度和弹性模量对复合材料进行表征。除吸水率数据外，采用单因素方差分析和 Tukey 事后检验（α=0.05）进行数据分析，吸水率数据采用 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Dunn 检验法进行分析。
基于 CTMA 的复合材料和对照复合材料在转化率、弯曲强度和弹性模量方面没有统计学差异。与基于 Bis-GMA 的复合材料相比，CTMA 降低了粘度和溶解度。与对照相比，CTMA-40 和 CTMA-50 的吸水率显著降低。此外，还获得了可接受的热稳定性和粘弹性，可安全用于口腔。
与基于 Bis-GMA 的材料相比，将 CTMA 掺入复合材料中可获得相似的化学和机械性能，同时降低粘度、吸水率和溶解度。
CTMA 可作为三甲基丙烯酸酯单体替代 Bis-GMA 用于树脂复合材料，从而最大限度地减少 BPA 暴露。
