Gut Health Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 8;14(1):23501. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-74042-y.
Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths within the Australian population. Colonoscopy and polypectomy represent effective forms of prevention. Factors such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia have been linked to adenoma development across a range of ethnicities, however there are limited data from the Australian population. This study investigates established and potential risk factors for early colorectal neoplasia in an Australian population. This was a prospective, observational case-control study in subjects aged 20-85 years, referred for outpatient colonoscopy. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical variables were collected at baseline. Polyps were classified as conventional adenomas or sessile serrated lesions, and correlated with clinical and biochemical variables. The study included 357 subjects, median age 55 years (IQR: 43.0-64.0), and 52.9% were female. 41.7% had metabolic syndrome. Multiple positive associations were observed in those over 40 years and with a BMI ≥ 25, including any polyp (aOR: 2.26; 95%CI: 1.22-4.18); adenoma (aOR: 2.64; 95%CI: 1.31-5.31); and, non-advanced adenoma (aOR: 2.66; 95%CI: 1.25-5.68). Our study demonstrates that elevated BMI is an independent risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in Australians undergoing colonoscopy. Further efforts should be focused on both diet and weight optimization in the general population given these findings and the recent national statistics indicating that almost two-thirds of the population are either overweight or obese.
结直肠癌是澳大利亚人群中与癌症相关死亡的主要原因。结肠镜检查和息肉切除术是有效的预防形式。糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常等因素与多种族的腺瘤发展有关，但来自澳大利亚人群的数据有限。本研究调查了澳大利亚人群中早期结直肠肿瘤的既定和潜在危险因素。这是一项针对 20-85 岁门诊结肠镜检查患者的前瞻性观察性病例对照研究。在基线时收集了临床、人体测量和生化变量。息肉分为常规腺瘤或无蒂锯齿状病变，并与临床和生化变量相关联。该研究纳入了 357 名受试者，中位年龄为 55 岁（IQR：43.0-64.0），52.9%为女性。41.7%患有代谢综合征。在 40 岁以上和 BMI≥25 的人群中观察到多种阳性关联，包括任何息肉（OR：2.26；95%CI：1.22-4.18）；腺瘤（OR：2.64；95%CI：1.31-5.31）；和非高级别腺瘤（OR：2.66；95%CI：1.25-5.68）。我们的研究表明，升高的 BMI 是澳大利亚人接受结肠镜检查时结直肠肿瘤的独立危险因素。鉴于这些发现以及最近的全国统计数据表明，近三分之二的人口超重或肥胖，应更加关注一般人群的饮食和体重优化。
