Colonna Anna, Lobbezoo Frank, Bracci Alessandro, Ferrari Marco, Val Matteo, Manfredini Daniele
School of Dentistry, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Oral Rehabil. 2025 Jan;52(1):37-42. doi: 10.1111/joor.13872. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
The introduction of a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach has allowed achieving data on the frequency of different awake bruxism (AB) behaviours (i.e., teeth contact, teeth clenching, teeth grinding, and mandible bracing) reported by an individual in the natural environment.
The fluctuation of AB reports over time has a certain degree of variability that has never been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to assess the long-term fluctuation of AB behaviours in a population of young adults.
A smartphone application was used to assess a real-time report on five specific oral conditions related to AB in a sample of 77 young adults, aged 24.0 ± 0.8 years. Data were recorded over three periods of 7 days, with a three-month interval for a total of 6 months.
The average frequency of the relaxed condition was 72.9%, 78.2%, and 80.8% at the end of the first, second, and third sessions, respectively. On average, teeth contact and mandible bracing were the most frequently reported conditions, with a mean prevalence of 12.9% and 7%, respectively, whilst the frequency of teeth clenching and teeth grinding was less than 3%. The ANOVA test showed an absence of significant differences (p < 0.05) between the three recording periods, and the frequency was in general only moderately variable from day-to-day (e.g., the coefficient of variation (CV) for the condition "relaxed jaw muscles" was 0.3). No gender differences were detected either.
Findings suggest that in a population of healthy individuals, the frequency of AB behaviours over a six-month monitoring period is quite constant. This investigation represents a standpoint for future comparisons on the study of natural fluctuations of AB behaviours as well as on AB frequency in populations with risk/associated factors and possible clinical consequences.
基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估（EMA）方法的引入，使得获取个体在自然环境中报告的不同觉醒性磨牙（AB）行为（即牙齿接触、紧咬牙、磨牙和下颌支撑）频率的数据成为可能。
AB报告随时间的波动具有一定程度的变异性，此前从未被研究过。因此，本调查的目的是评估年轻成年人群中AB行为的长期波动情况。
使用一款智能手机应用程序，对77名年龄在24.0±0.8岁的年轻成年人样本中与AB相关的五种特定口腔状况进行实时报告评估。数据在三个为期7天的时间段内记录，间隔三个月，共6个月。
在第一、第二和第三次记录结束时，放松状态的平均频率分别为72.9%、78.2%和80.8%。平均而言，牙齿接触和下颌支撑是报告最频繁的状况，平均患病率分别为12.9%和7%，而紧咬牙和磨牙的频率低于3%。方差分析测试显示三个记录期之间没有显著差异（p<0.05），并且频率总体上每天仅具有适度的变异性（例如，“放松的颌骨肌肉”状况的变异系数（CV）为0.3）。也未检测到性别差异。
研究结果表明，在健康个体人群中，六个月监测期内AB行为的频率相当稳定。本调查为未来比较AB行为的自然波动研究以及有风险/相关因素和可能临床后果人群的AB频率研究提供了一个参考点。
