Radow Brandon, Anderson Nathaniel, Richmond Bryan K
Department of Surgery, CAMC Institute for Academic Medicine, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, WV, USA.
Department of Surgery, West Virginia University Charleston, Charleston, WV, USA.
Am Surg. 2025 Feb;91(2):292-299. doi: 10.1177/00031348241290610. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was first introduced as a diagnosis by the American Psychiatric Association in 1980. This diagnosis, included in the 3rd edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III), was to be considered after someone was exposed to a traumatic event "outside the range of usual human experience and would be markedly distressing to almost anyone." Since then, trauma survivors have been identified as being at risk for the development of post-traumatic stress symptom (PTSS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite the recognition of this fact, the screening, recognition, and diagnosis of PTSD in these at-risk populations are inconsistent. In the following review, which is designed for the clinician who is unfamiliar with PTSD and its recognition, diagnosis, and treatment, we introduce the problem in the trauma patient and define its scope. In addition, we discuss the diagnosis of PTSD in trauma patients, special considerations relating to these patient populations, treatment options, and explore future directions for how best to define, study, recognize, and treat this challenging and potentially devastating condition.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）于1980年首次被美国精神病学协会列为一种诊断。该诊断包含在美国精神病学协会《诊断与统计手册》第3版（DSM-III）中，是在某人经历了“超出正常人类经验范围且几乎会令任何人深感痛苦”的创伤性事件后才会被考虑。从那时起，创伤幸存者就被认定有发展出创伤后应激症状（PTSS）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险。尽管认识到了这一事实，但在这些高危人群中，PTSD的筛查、识别和诊断并不一致。在以下这篇为不熟悉PTSD及其识别、诊断和治疗的临床医生撰写的综述中，我们介绍创伤患者中的这一问题并界定其范围。此外，我们讨论创伤患者中PTSD的诊断、与这些患者群体相关的特殊考量、治疗选择，并探索未来如何以最佳方式界定、研究、识别和治疗这种具有挑战性且可能具有毁灭性的病症的方向。
