Department of Forensic Science, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Department of Forensic Science, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
J Proteomics. 2025 Jan 6;310:105326. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105326. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
The determination of post-mortem interval (PMI) is a critical process for forensic medical-legal investigations. Proteomic techniques are gaining prominence in analysing forensic biological samples. After death, studying the proteins present in human bodies could be critical in discovering important new biomarkers that can serve as reliable indicators of various factors. A literature review is conducted on estimating PMI through protein degradation analysis using PubMed, NCBI, SCOPUS, Research Gate, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. A total of 32 studies were identified and studied. It is found that the most commonly studied tissue type is the skeleton muscle (15 studies), followed by others. The kinetics of several proteins and proteases were particularly correlated with PMI. Different proteins degrade differently after death: alpha-actinin, GAPDH, and alpha-tubulin breakdown slowly, but meta-vinculin breaks down early. Tropomyosin does not change for a long time after death, up to 10 days. Certain markers had a positive correlation with PMI, meaning that their amount increased as PMI hours increased, while other markers showed a negative correlation, suggesting that their number decreased with time. The level of several biological markers, such as SERBP1, COX7B, and SOD2, changed gradually and consistently as the PMI increased. The information gathered from this analysis provides new opportunities for precise PMI measurements in legal contexts by expanding the research area's use in human skeletal tissue.
死后间隔时间（PMI）的确定是法医医学-法律调查的关键过程。蛋白质组学技术在分析法医生物样本方面越来越受到重视。死后，研究人体中存在的蛋白质可能对于发现重要的新生物标志物至关重要，这些标志物可以作为各种因素的可靠指标。通过在 PubMed、NCBI、SCOPUS、Research Gate、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar 上进行文献综述，研究了通过蛋白质降解分析来估计 PMI。总共确定并研究了 32 项研究。结果发现，最常研究的组织类型是骨骼肌（15 项研究），其次是其他组织。几种蛋白质和蛋白酶的动力学与 PMI 特别相关。不同的蛋白质在死后降解方式不同：α-肌动蛋白、GAPDH 和α-微管蛋白降解缓慢，但 meta-vinculin 降解较早。死后 tropomyosin 长时间不变，长达 10 天。某些标志物与 PMI 呈正相关，这意味着它们的数量随着 PMI 小时的增加而增加，而其他标志物则呈负相关，表明它们的数量随时间减少。一些生物标志物的水平，如 SERBP1、COX7B 和 SOD2，随着 PMI 的增加而逐渐且一致地变化。通过扩大在人类骨骼组织中的研究领域的应用，这项分析所收集的信息为法律背景下进行精确的 PMI 测量提供了新的机会。
