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南非高艾滋病毒流行地区 2012 至 2018 年严重呼吸道合胞病毒相关呼吸道感染的危险因素。

Risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory tract infection in a high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2012 - 2018.

机构信息

Centre for Respiratory Disease and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, PVT Bag X4, Sandringham, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2131, South Africa.

School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

出版信息

BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 9;24(1):1128. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-10024-9.

DOI:10.1186/s12879-024-10024-9
PMID:39385077
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11465802/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Identifying risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) will assist with targeting vaccine interventions.

METHODS

Using surveillance data from South Africa (2012-2018), we compared the characteristics of individuals with RSV-associated influenza-like illness (ILI) (reference group) to those with RSV-associated SARI to describe factors associated with SARI using a multivariable analysis.

RESULTS

RSV was detected in 6% (483/7792) of ILI cases and 15% (844/5672) of SARI cases. Factors associated with SARI in children included age < 2 months, compared to age 2-4 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 54.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 23.5-125.8), malnutrition (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2-3.2), prematurity (aOR 2.4; 95% CI 1.3-4.6) and living with HIV (LWH) (aOR 22.5; 95% CI 2.9-174.3). In individuals ≥ 5 years, factors associated with SARI included age ≥ 65 years compared to age 5-24 years (aOR 10.7; 95% CI 1.1-107.5), symptom duration ≥ 5 days (aOR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1-6.3), underlying illness (aOR 2.7; 95% CI 1.5-26.1) and LWH (aOR 16.8, 95% CI: 4.8-58.2).

CONCLUSION

Individuals at the extremes of age and those with identified risk factors might benefit most from RSV prevention interventions.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER

Not applicable, this is not a clinical trial.

摘要

背景

识别呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）相关严重急性呼吸道疾病（SARI）的风险因素将有助于确定疫苗干预的目标。

方法

利用南非（2012-2018 年）的监测数据，我们将患有 RSV 相关流感样疾病（ILI）的个体（参照组）与患有 RSV 相关 SARI 的个体的特征进行比较，使用多变量分析描述与 SARI 相关的因素。

结果

在 7792 例 ILI 病例中，有 6%（483 例）检测到 RSV，在 5672 例 SARI 病例中，有 15%（844 例）检测到 RSV。儿童中与 SARI 相关的因素包括年龄<2 个月，与 2-4 岁（调整后的优势比（aOR）54.4；95%置信区间（CI）23.5-125.8）相比，营养不良（aOR 1.9；95% CI 1.2-3.2）、早产（aOR 2.4；95% CI 1.3-4.6）和 HIV 感染者（LWH）（aOR 22.5；95% CI 2.9-174.3）。在≥5 岁的个体中，与 SARI 相关的因素包括年龄≥65 岁，与 5-24 岁（aOR 10.7；95% CI 1.1-107.5）相比，症状持续时间≥5 天（aOR 2.7；95% CI 1.1-6.3）、基础疾病（aOR 2.7；95% CI 1.5-26.1）和 LWH（aOR 16.8，95% CI：4.8-58.2）。

结论

年龄处于极值的个体和有确定风险因素的个体可能最受益于 RSV 预防干预。

临床试验编号

不适用，这不是临床试验。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/776d/11465802/d323cffefef5/12879_2024_10024_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/776d/11465802/d323cffefef5/12879_2024_10024_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/776d/11465802/d323cffefef5/12879_2024_10024_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older and high-risk adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from developed countries.发达国家中老年人和高危成年人呼吸道合胞病毒感染负担：系统评价和荟萃分析。
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Temporal and climate characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in neonates and children in Sousse, Tunisia, during a 13-year surveillance.
突尼斯苏塞地区新生儿和儿童呼吸道合胞病毒毛细支气管炎的时间和气候特征：一项为期 13 年的监测研究。
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Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Hospitalized Children Less Than 3 Years of Age in a Temperate and Tropical Climate.在温带和热带气候下，住院的 3 岁以下儿童中严重呼吸道合胞病毒感染。
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