College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, 410128, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Oct 9;24(1):941. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05599-z.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a major oilseed crop in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. However, it is susceptible to waterlogging stress. This study aimed to investigate the physiological characteristics, cellular changes, and gene expression patterns of rapeseed under waterlogging stress, with the goal of providing a foundation for breeding waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed. The results revealed that waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed exhibited higher levels of soluble sugars and antioxidant enzyme activity, particularly in the roots. Conversely, waterlogging-sensitive rapeseed displayed greater changes in malondialdehyde, proline, and hydrogen peroxide levels. Cellular observations showed that after experiencing waterlogging stress, the intercellular space of rapeseed leaf cells expanded, leading to disintegration of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Moreover, the area of the root xylem increased, the number of vessels grew, and there were signs of mitochondrial disintegration and vacuole shrinkage, with more pronounced changes observed in waterlogging-sensitive rapeseed. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the transcription levels of genes related to anaerobic respiration and flavonoid biosynthesis, and different varieties demonstrated varied responses to waterlogging stress. In conclusion, there are differences in the response of different varieties to waterlogging stress at the levels of morphology, physiological characteristics, cell structure, and gene transcription. Waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed responds to waterlogging stress by regulating its antioxidant defense system. This study provides valuable insights for the development of waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed varieties.
油菜（Brassica napus L.）是中国长江中下游地区的主要油料作物。然而，它容易受到渍水胁迫的影响。本研究旨在探讨渍水胁迫下油菜的生理特性、细胞变化和基因表达模式，为培育耐渍油菜提供基础。结果表明，耐渍油菜表现出较高水平的可溶性糖和抗氧化酶活性，特别是在根部。相比之下，渍水敏感油菜的丙二醛、脯氨酸和过氧化氢水平变化较大。细胞观察表明，渍水胁迫后油菜叶片细胞的细胞间隙扩大，导致线粒体和叶绿体解体。此外，根木质部的面积增加，导管数量增加，并且有迹象表明线粒体解体和液泡收缩，在渍水敏感油菜中观察到更明显的变化。此外，与无氧呼吸和类黄酮生物合成相关的基因的转录水平存在显著差异，不同品种对渍水胁迫的反应也不同。总之，不同品种对渍水胁迫的响应在形态、生理特性、细胞结构和基因转录水平上存在差异。耐渍油菜通过调节其抗氧化防御系统来应对渍水胁迫。本研究为培育耐渍油菜品种提供了有价值的见解。
