Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China.
Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, Chengdu, 611100, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2023 May 1;23(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04250-7.
Tillage measures have been effectively adopted for mitigating waterlogging damage in field crops, yet little is known about the role of tillage measures in crop responses to waterlogging. A field experiment was performed to investigate the effect of conventional planting (CK), small ridge planting (SR), big ridge planting (BR) and film side planting (FS) on soil available nutrients and enzymatic activity, chlorophyll contents, leaf nutrients, soluble protein, soluble sugar, nitrate reductase, antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, agronomic traits and yield of rapeseed under waterlogging stress conditions.
Tillage measures remarkably improved rapeseed growth and yield parameters under waterlogging stress conditions. Under waterlogging conditions, rapeseed yield was significantly increased by 33.09 and 22.70% in the SR and BR groups, respectively, compared with CK. Correlation analysis showed that NO-N, NH-N, and urease in soils and malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitrate reductase in roots were the key factors affecting rapeseed yield. The SR and BR groups had significantly increased NO-N by 180.30 and 139.77%, NH-N by 115.78 and 66.59%, urease by 41.27 and 26.45%, SOD by 6.64 and 4.66%, nitrate reductase by 71.67 and 26.67%, and significantly decreased MDA content by 14.81 and 13.35% under waterlogging stress, respectively, compared with CK. In addition, chlorophyll and N content in leaves, soluble sugar and POD in roots, and most agronomic traits were also significantly enhanced in response to SR and BR under waterlogging conditions.
Overall, SR and BR mitigated the waterlogging damage in rapeseed mainly by reducing the loss of soil available nitrogen, decreasing the MDA content in roots, and promoting urease in soils and SOD and nitrate reductase in roots. Finally, thorough assessment of rapeseed parameters indicated that SR treatment was most effective followed by BR treatment, to alleviate the adverse effects of waterlogging stress.
耕作措施已被有效地应用于减轻田间作物的涝害，但对于耕作措施在作物应对涝害中的作用知之甚少。本田间试验旨在研究常规种植（CK）、小垄种植（SR）、大垄种植（BR）和膜侧种植（FS）对渍水胁迫下油菜土壤有效养分和酶活性、叶绿素含量、叶片养分、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、硝酸还原酶、抗氧化酶活性、脂质过氧化、农艺性状和产量的影响。
耕作措施显著改善了渍水胁迫下油菜的生长和产量参数。在渍水条件下，SR 和 BR 处理的油菜产量分别比 CK 处理显著提高 33.09%和 22.70%。相关分析表明，土壤中 NO-N、NH-N 和脲酶以及根中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和硝酸还原酶是影响油菜产量的关键因素。与 CK 相比，SR 和 BR 处理分别显著增加了土壤中的 NO-N 180.30%和 139.77%、NH-N 115.78%和 66.59%、脲酶 41.27%和 26.45%、SOD 6.64%和 4.66%、硝酸还原酶 71.67%和 26.67%，显著降低了 MDA 含量 14.81%和 13.35%。此外，在渍水条件下，SR 和 BR 还显著提高了叶片中的叶绿素和 N 含量、根中的可溶性糖和过氧化物酶以及大多数农艺性状。
总之，SR 和 BR 通过减少土壤有效氮的损失、降低根中 MDA 含量以及促进土壤中脲酶和根中 SOD 和硝酸还原酶来减轻油菜的涝害。最后，对油菜参数进行全面评估表明，SR 处理的效果最好，其次是 BR 处理，可缓解涝害的不利影响。
