Nkansah Charles, Osei-Boakye Felix, Abbam Gabriel, Appiah Samuel K, Derigubah Charles A, Bani Simon B, Daud Samira, Alhassan Emmanuel K, Adjei Isaac, Appiah-Kubi Emmanuel, Koduah Anastasia, Boakye Bright, Abdulai Samsiyatu, Anass Neena I, Serwaa Dorcas, Ukwah Boniface N, Usanga Victor U, Chukwurah Ejike F
Department of Haematology, School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Science and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 9;7(10):e70123. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70123. eCollection 2024 Oct.
erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (EMP-1) is important in malaria pathogenicity as it mediates -infected erythrocytes cytoadherence to host endothelial microvasculature receptors. Naturally acquired antibodies against specific EMP-1 antigens may be beneficial in clinical malaria protection. This study determined antibodies to DBLα2, CIDRα1, DBLβ12, and DBLγ6 domains of EMP-1 in children with malaria in Tamale, Ghana.
Sixty -infected children, and 30 controls, aged 1-12 years were recruited for this case-control study from April to July 2023 in Northern Ghana. Participants with uncomplicated malaria had asexual in peripheral blood and Hb ≥ 5.0 g/dL, and severe malaria was diagnosed when participants had Hb < 5.0 g/dL in addition to asexual in peripheral blood. Blood cell indices were measured using hematology analyzer, and IgG antibodies to DBLα2, CIDRα1, DBLβ12, and DBLγ6 domains of EMP-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.
The prevalence of EMP-1 IgG antibodies among -infected children and the uninfected group was 65.0% and 6.7%, respectively. EMP-1 IgG antibodies were present in 83.3% of uncomplicated malaria cases, and 46.7% in severe malaria subjects. Plasma levels of EMP-1 IgG antibodies were elevated in participants with uncomplicated malaria compared to those with severe malaria ( < 0.001). Hemoglobin, RBC, HCT, and platelet were significantly lower among -infected children without EMP-1 IgG antibodies than among those with the antibodies. Prevalence of anemia among children with EMP-1 IgG antibodies and those without the antibodies were 74.4% and 100%, respectively.
The high prevalence of EMP-1 IgG antibodies to DBLα2, CIDRα1, DBLβ12, and DBLγ6 domains observed in participants with uncomplicated malaria, and the relationship between EMP-1 IgG antibodies and blood cell parameters could indicate that the antibodies may be related to effective erythropoietic response in malaria. Immune antibodies against DBLα2, CIDRα1, DBLβ12, and DBLγ6 domains of EMP-1 may suppress the deteriorating effects of EMP-1 antigens and provide immune protection against severe malarial anemia in children.
红细胞膜蛋白-1（EMP-1）在疟疾致病性中起重要作用，因为它介导受感染的红细胞与宿主内皮微血管受体的细胞黏附。针对特定EMP-1抗原的自然获得性抗体可能对临床疟疾保护有益。本研究确定了加纳塔马利地区患疟疾儿童中针对EMP-1的DBLα2、CIDRα1、DBLβ12和DBLγ6结构域的抗体。
2023年4月至7月，在加纳北部招募了60名年龄在1至12岁的感染儿童和30名对照儿童进行这项病例对照研究。患有非重症疟疾的参与者外周血中有无性疟原虫且血红蛋白≥5.0 g/dL，当参与者外周血中有无性疟原虫且血红蛋白<5.0 g/dL时，则诊断为重症疟疾。使用血液学分析仪测量血细胞指标，并使用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测针对EMP-1的DBLα2、CIDRα1、DBLβ12和DBLγ6结构域的IgG抗体以及促炎细胞因子。使用SPSS 26.0版对数据进行分析。
感染儿童和未感染组中EMP-1 IgG抗体的患病率分别为65.0%和6.7%。83.3%的非重症疟疾病例中存在EMP-1 IgG抗体，重症疟疾患者中这一比例为46.7%。与重症疟疾患者相比，非重症疟疾患者的EMP-1 IgG抗体血浆水平升高（P<0.001）。没有EMP-1 IgG抗体的感染儿童的血红蛋白、红细胞、血细胞比容和血小板显著低于有该抗体的儿童。有EMP-1 IgG抗体的儿童和没有该抗体的儿童中贫血的患病率分别为74.4%和100%。
在非重症疟疾参与者中观察到针对DBLα2、CIDRα1、DBLβ12和DBLγ6结构域的EMP-1 IgG抗体的高患病率，以及EMP-1 IgG抗体与血细胞参数之间的关系可能表明这些抗体可能与疟疾中有效的红细胞生成反应有关。针对EMP-1的DBLα2、CIDRα1、DBLβ12和DBLγ6结构域的免疫抗体可能抑制EMP-1抗原的恶化作用，并为儿童提供针对重症疟疾贫血的免疫保护。
