CD8+ T cell associated scoring model helps prognostic diagnosis and immunotherapy selection in patients with colon adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE

T cell-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in the immune response against tumors, with CD 8+ T cells playing a leading role in the eradication of cancer cells.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A total of 5 datasets were included in this study. Single cell transcriptome data were used to discover CD8 T cell marker genes, and Bulk transcriptome data from TCGA and GEO were jointly analyzed to screen candidate prognostic genes. lasso regression was performed to construct prognostic models. Immunotherapy cohort (IMvigor 210 and GSE78220) was applied to validate the diagnostic power of markers.

RESULT

Single-cell transcriptome data identified 65 CD8 T cell marker genes, highlighting their importance in T cell-mediated immune responses. Among these, 11 genes were identified as CD8 T-associated differential genes through analysis of bulk data from TCGA and GEO. A prognostic model for 5 genes was identified based on Lasso regression, dividing colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients into high- and low-risk groups. This model exhibited higher prognostic accuracy compared to traditional clinicopathological characteristics (age, pathological stage, histological grading). Moreover, the risk score derived from this model successfully differentiated patient responses to immunotherapy, as validated in the IMvigor 210 and GSE78220 cohorts.

CONCLUSION

Our research introduces a novel prognostic signature based on CD8 T cell marker genes, demonstrating significant predictive power for prognosis and immunotherapy response in COAD patients. This model offers a potential tool for improving patient stratification and personalizing treatment strategies.