美国电子烟和香烟销售最低法定年龄认知差距：对公共卫生信息传播的影响
Gaps in Awareness of the United States Minimum Legal Age of E-Cigarette and Cigarette Sales: Implications for Public Health Messaging.
作者信息
McCauley Devin M, Halpern-Felsher Bonnie
机构信息
REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
REACH Lab, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
出版信息
J Adolesc Health. 2025 Jan;76(1):154-157. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.08.017. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
PURPOSE
In 2019, the United States raised the minimum legal age (MLA) of sales for all tobacco products from 18 to 21. Public awareness of the federal MLA of tobacco sales overall and by demographics is understudied.
METHODS
A national, cross-sectional 2023 survey in which 6,098 participants aged 13-40 years responded to the question, "at which age is it legal to purchase [e-cigarettes; cigarettes; alcohol] in the United States?" Participants also reported age, sex, race/ethnicity, and prior use of each substance.
RESULTS
Sixty-one percent, 64.6%, and 88.7% correctly identified the MLA of sales for e-cigarettes, cigarettes, and alcohol, respectively. Differences in awareness of the MLA were found by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and prior use status.
DISCUSSION
Gaps in awareness of the MLA of tobacco sales, particularly among adolescents and adults, suggest messaging regarding the federal Tobacco 21 law is needed.
目的
2019年，美国将所有烟草产品的最低合法销售年龄（MLA）从18岁提高到21岁。公众对联邦烟草销售最低合法年龄的总体认识以及按人口统计学特征的认识情况研究不足。
方法
2023年开展的一项全国性横断面调查，6098名年龄在13至40岁的参与者回答了“在美国，购买[电子烟；香烟；酒精]的合法年龄是多少？”这一问题。参与者还报告了年龄、性别、种族/民族以及每种物质的既往使用情况。
结果
分别有61%、64.6%和88.7%的人正确识别了电子烟、香烟和酒精的最低合法销售年龄。在最低合法销售年龄的认知方面，发现了年龄、性别、种族/民族和既往使用状况的差异。
讨论
烟草销售最低合法年龄的认知存在差距，尤其是在青少年和成年人中，这表明需要就联邦“烟草21”法律进行宣传。
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