School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
Microb Biotechnol. 2024 Oct;17(10):e70030. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.70030.
The widespread use of opioids for chronic pain management not only poses a significant public health issue but also contributes to the risk of tolerance, dependence, and addiction, leading to opioid use disorder (OUD), which affects millions globally each year. Recent research has highlighted a potential bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and OUD. This emerging perspective is critical, especially as the opioid epidemic intensifies, emphasizing the need to investigate how OUD may alter gut microbiome dynamics and vice versa. Understanding these interactions could reveal new insights into the mechanisms of addiction and tolerance, as well as provide novel approaches for managing and potentially mitigating OUD impacts. This comprehensive review explores the intricate bidirectional link through the gut-brain axis, focusing on how opiates influence microbial composition, functional changes, and gut mucosal integrity. By synthesizing current findings, the review aims to inspire new strategies to combat the opioid crisis and leverage microbiome-centred interventions for preventing and treating OUD.
阿片类药物在慢性疼痛管理中的广泛应用不仅构成了重大的公共卫生问题，还增加了耐受、依赖和成瘾的风险，导致阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD），每年在全球影响数百万人。最近的研究强调了肠道微生物组与 OUD 之间存在潜在的双向关系。这一新兴观点至关重要，尤其是在阿片类药物流行加剧的情况下，需要研究 OUD 如何改变肠道微生物组动力学，反之亦然。了解这些相互作用可以揭示成瘾和耐受机制的新见解，并为管理和潜在减轻 OUD 影响提供新的方法。本综述通过肠-脑轴探讨了这种复杂的双向联系，重点关注阿片类药物如何影响微生物组成、功能变化和肠道黏膜完整性。通过综合当前的研究结果，本综述旨在激发新的策略来应对阿片类药物危机，并利用以微生物组为中心的干预措施来预防和治疗 OUD。
