Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
Exp Cell Res. 2024 Oct 1;442(2):114279. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114279. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are an array of tumors originating from the pituitary gland. PAs are sorted as functional or nonfunctional according to their hormonal activity and classified according to size into microadenomas and macroadenomas. Still, the cellular events that trigger the transformations in pituitary neoplasms are not fully understood, and the current classification methods do not precisely predict clinical behavior. A rising number of researches have emphasized the role of miRNAs, that drawn more attention as oncogenic molecules or tumor suppressors. The etiopathological mechanisms of PAs include multiple molecular cascades that are influenced by different miRNAs. miRNAs control the cell cycle control, pro- or antiapoptotic processes, and tumor invasion and metastasis. miRNAs offer a novel perspective on tumor features and behaviors and might be valuable in prognostication and therapeutic plans. In pituitary adenomas, miRNAs showed a specific expression pattern depending on their size, cell origin, remission, and treatments. Screening miRNA expression patterns is promising to monitor and evaluate recurrence, as well as to investigate the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy for PAs exhibiting aggressive behavior. Thus, the current review investigated the interplay of the miRNAs' pivotal role in offering new opportunities to translate these innovative epigenetic tools into healthcare applications.
垂体腺瘤（PAs）是起源于垂体的一系列肿瘤。根据其激素活性，PAs 被分为功能性或非功能性，并根据大小分为微腺瘤和大腺瘤。然而，触发垂体肿瘤转化的细胞事件尚未完全了解，目前的分类方法也不能准确预测临床行为。越来越多的研究强调了 miRNAs 的作用，这些 miRNA 作为致癌分子或肿瘤抑制因子引起了更多的关注。PAs 的病因发病机制包括受不同 miRNAs 影响的多个分子级联。miRNAs 控制细胞周期控制、促凋亡或抗凋亡过程以及肿瘤侵袭和转移。miRNAs 为肿瘤特征和行为提供了新的视角，可能在预后和治疗计划中具有重要价值。在垂体腺瘤中，miRNAs 根据其大小、细胞起源、缓解和治疗表现出特定的表达模式。筛选 miRNA 表达模式有望监测和评估复发，并研究对表现出侵袭性行为的 PAs 的放射和化学治疗的疗效。因此，本综述探讨了 miRNAs 的关键作用的相互作用，为将这些创新的表观遗传工具转化为医疗保健应用提供了新的机会。
