Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.
Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.
Fitoterapia. 2024 Dec;179:106243. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106243. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Malassezia species are commensal fungi residing on the skin and in the gut of humans and animals. Yet, under certain conditions, they become opportunistic pathogens leading to various clinical conditions including dermatological disorders. The emergence of drug resistance and adverse effects associated with conventional antifungal agents has propelled the search for alternative treatments, among which phytomedicine stands out prominently. Phytochemicals, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, demonstrate potential antifungal activity against Malassezia by inhibiting its growth, adhesion, and biofilm formation. Furthermore, the multifaceted therapeutic properties of phytomedicine (including anti-fungal and, antioxidant properties) contribute to its efficacy in alleviating symptoms associated with Malassezia infections. Despite these promising prospects, several challenges hinder the widespread adoption of phytomedicine in clinical practice mostly since the mechanistic studies and controlled experiments to prove efficacy have not been done. Issues include standardization of herbal extracts, variable bioavailability, and limited clinical evidence. Hence, proper regulatory constraints necessitate comprehensive research endeavors and regulatory frameworks to harness the full therapeutic potential of phytomedicine. In conclusion, while phytomedicine holds immense promise as an alternative or adjunctive therapy against Malassezia, addressing these challenges is imperative to optimize its efficacy and ensure its integration into mainstream medical care. In this review we provide an update on the potential phytomedicines in combating Malassezia-related ailments, emphasizing its diverse chemical constituents and mechanisms of action.
马拉色菌是一种寄生于人类和动物皮肤及肠道的共生真菌。然而，在某些条件下，它们会成为机会性致病菌，导致各种临床病症，包括皮肤疾病。由于传统抗真菌药物存在耐药性和不良反应等问题，人们一直在寻找替代治疗方法，其中植物药尤为突出。植物化学物质，包括酚酸、类黄酮和萜类化合物，通过抑制马拉色菌的生长、黏附和生物膜形成，显示出潜在的抗真菌活性。此外，植物药的多方面治疗特性（包括抗真菌和抗氧化特性）有助于其缓解与马拉色菌感染相关的症状。尽管前景广阔，但由于缺乏证明疗效的机制研究和对照实验，植物药在临床实践中的广泛应用仍面临诸多挑战。这些问题包括草药提取物的标准化、生物利用度的变化以及临床证据有限。因此，需要适当的监管限制来进行全面的研究努力和监管框架，以充分发挥植物药的治疗潜力。总之，虽然植物药作为治疗马拉色菌相关疾病的替代或辅助疗法具有巨大的潜力，但为了优化其疗效并确保其纳入主流医疗保健，解决这些挑战至关重要。在本文中，我们提供了对抗马拉色菌相关疾病的潜在植物药的最新信息，强调了其多样化的化学成分和作用机制。
