Morris Samuel L, Conine Daniel E, Slanzi Crystal M, Kronfli Faris R, Etchison Hannah M
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Department of Learning Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA USA.
Behav Anal Pract. 2023 Aug 29;17(3):815-830. doi: 10.1007/s40617-023-00847-4. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Preference assessments are used to make data-based decisions about which stimuli to use as reinforcers but they can be challenging to conduct frequently enough to avoid problems related to momentary shifts in preference and reinforcer efficacy. It remains unclear whether, why, and how clinicians change reinforcers on a momentary basis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine common reasons for, and methods of, changing reinforcers in practice. Most respondents indicated that they often change reinforcers during a session, do so when the client mands for or attends to different stimuli or refuses the current stimulus, and identify the new reinforcer based on recent client behaviors (e.g., mands) or by providing an informal choice between stimuli. Responses did not vary meaningfully based on respondent credentials, client characteristics, or service goals. Implications for clinical practice as well as future research on methods of momentary preference assessment and reinforcer identification are discussed.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40617-023-00847-4.
偏好评估用于基于数据决定使用哪些刺激物作为强化物，但要足够频繁地进行以避免与偏好和强化物效果的瞬时变化相关的问题可能具有挑战性。目前尚不清楚临床医生是否、为何以及如何在瞬时基础上改变强化物。因此，本研究旨在确定实践中改变强化物的常见原因和方法。大多数受访者表示，他们经常在一次治疗过程中改变强化物，当客户要求或关注不同刺激物或拒绝当前刺激物时会这样做，并根据客户最近的行为（如要求）或通过在刺激物之间提供非正式选择来确定新的强化物。根据受访者的资质、客户特征或服务目标，回答没有显著差异。讨论了对临床实践的影响以及未来关于瞬时偏好评估和强化物识别方法的研究。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s40617-023-00847-4获取的补充材料。
