Cha Kyung-Sook, Lee Dohyun
Department of Nursing, Sun Moon University, South Korea.
Department of Kinesiology and Recreation Administration, North Carolina Central University, PO Box 19542, Durham, NC 27707, USA.
Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2024 Sep 6;7:100239. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100239. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The emergence of infectious diseases such as SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 underscores the need for effective nursing preparedness.
This cross-sectional study sought to pinpoint the factors that impact nursing performance during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on nurses' self-efficacy, work environment, knowledge, and attitudes.
The study utilized a cross-sectional design.
SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS: Between December 13, 2021, and January 21, 2022, an online and offline survey was conducted with 314 nurses who provided in-person care in tertiary and general hospitals throughout South Korea.
Using -tests and ANOVA, the research compared nursing performance based on various demographic and work-related characteristics like age, gender, education, marital status, and other working conditions. A research model was formulated via structural equation modeling, positioning nursing performance as the dependent variable. The independent variables included career experience (indirect effect), work environment (indirect effect), COVID-19 knowledge (indirect effect), attitude toward COVID-19 (direct effect), and self-efficacy (direct effect). Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 26 and AMOS 28.
The study demonstrated that self-efficacy and attitude toward COVID-19 significantly influence nursing performance, as reflected by robust critical ratios (CR) for self-efficacy (CR = 11.291, < 0.001) and attitude (CR = 5.133, 0.001). They account for 43 % ( = 0.43) of the variability of nursing performance. Self-efficacy was positively predicted by clinical experience (CR = 3.160, p = 0.002) and work environment (CR = 4.328, 0.001), while attitude was similarly influenced (CR = 3.557 and 2.926, respectively). However, clinical experience and work environment only explained 8 % ( = 0.08) of self-efficacy and 16 % ( = 0.16) of attitude. Knowledge about COVID-19 exhibited a statistically insignificant influence in the dynamics.
This study, conducted among Korean nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic, reveals that self-efficacy and attitudes towards COVID-19 are key predictors of nursing performance, overshadowing knowledge's influence. These findings suggest the critical role of psychological factors in healthcare delivery during crises and underscore the need for enhanced focus on developing self-efficacy and positive attitudes in nursing education and professional development. Additionally, demographic and professional variables, including age, clinical experience, educational level, and marital status affect nursing performance.
非典、中东呼吸综合征和新冠肺炎等传染病的出现凸显了有效护理准备的必要性。
这项横断面研究旨在找出在新冠肺炎疫情期间影响护理绩效的因素，重点关注护士的自我效能感、工作环境、知识和态度。
该研究采用横断面设计。
在2021年12月13日至2022年1月21日期间，对韩国各地三级和综合医院提供面对面护理的314名护士进行了线上和线下调查。
该研究使用t检验和方差分析，根据年龄、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况等各种人口统计学和工作相关特征比较护理绩效。通过结构方程模型构建了一个研究模型，将护理绩效定位为因变量。自变量包括职业经验（间接效应）、工作环境（间接效应）、新冠肺炎知识（间接效应）、对新冠肺炎的态度（直接效应）和自我效能感（直接效应）。使用SPSS 26和AMOS 28进行数据分析。
该研究表明，自我效能感和对新冠肺炎的态度对护理绩效有显著影响，自我效能感（临界比CR = 11.291，p < 0.001）和态度（CR = 5.133，p < 0.001）的临界比有力地证明了这一点。它们占护理绩效变异性的43%（R² = 0.43）。临床经验（CR = 3.160，p = 0.002）和工作环境（CR = 4.328，p < 0.001）对自我效能感有正向预测作用，态度也受到类似影响（临界比分别为3.557和2.926）。然而，临床经验和工作环境仅解释了自我效能感的8%（R² = 0.08）和态度的16%（R² = 0.16）。新冠肺炎知识在这一动态过程中的影响在统计学上不显著。
这项在新冠肺炎疫情期间对韩国护士进行的研究表明，自我效能感和对新冠肺炎的态度是护理绩效的关键预测因素，超过了知识的影响。这些发现表明心理因素在危机期间医疗服务中的关键作用，并强调在护理教育和专业发展中需要更加注重培养自我效能感和积极态度。此外，年龄、临床经验、教育水平和婚姻状况等人口统计学和专业变量会影响护理绩效。
