Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China.
Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, The Affiliated Dongyang Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jun 29;10:914599. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.914599. eCollection 2022.
Behavioral intentions to care for patients with infectious diseases are crucial for improving quality of care. However, there have been few studies of the behavioral intentions and factors influencing patient care by clinical nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore cognition, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and behavioral intentions of clinical nurses while caring for COVID-19 patients and to explore any influencing factors.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted of nurses through convenience sampling in southeast China from February 2020 to March 2020. The questionnaire was developed based on the theory of planned behavior and self-efficacy.
A total of 774 nurses completed the survey. Of these, 69.12% (535/774) reported positive behavioral intentions, 75.58% (585/774) reported a positive attitude, and 63.82% (494/774) reported having the confidence to care for patients. However, the lack of support from family and friends and special allowance affected their self-confidence. Attitude, self-efficacy, subjective norms, and ethical cognition were significantly positively correlated with behavioral intentions (r = 0.719, 0.690, 0.603, and 0.546, respectively, all < 0.001). Structural equation model showed that self-efficacy, attitude, ethical cognition, and subjective norms had positive effects on behavioral intentions (β = 0.402, 0.382, 0.091, and 0.066, respectively, < 0.01). The total effect of behavioral intentions was influenced by attitude, ethical cognition, self-efficacy, and subjective norms (β = 0.656, 0.630, 0.402, and 0.157, respectively, < 0.01). In addition, ethical cognition had a positive mediating effect on behavioral intentions (β = 0.539, < 0.001).
The study results indicated that attitude, ethical cognition, and self-efficacy were the main factors influencing nurses' behavioral intention. Efforts should be made to improve nurses' attitude and self-efficacy through ethical education and training to increase behavioral intentions to care for patients with infectious diseases, which will improve the quality of nursing care.
照顾传染病患者的行为意愿对于提高护理质量至关重要。然而，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，针对临床护士对患者护理的行为意愿及其影响因素的研究甚少。本研究旨在探讨临床护士在照顾 COVID-19 患者时的认知、态度、主观规范、自我效能感和行为意愿，并探讨任何影响因素。
2020 年 2 月至 3 月，采用便利抽样法对中国东南部的护士进行了横断面调查。问卷是基于计划行为理论和自我效能感制定的。
共有 774 名护士完成了调查。其中，69.12%（535/774）报告了积极的行为意愿，75.58%（585/774）报告了积极的态度，63.82%（494/774）报告了有信心照顾患者。然而，缺乏家人和朋友的支持以及特殊津贴会影响他们的自信心。态度、自我效能感、主观规范和伦理认知与行为意愿呈显著正相关（r=0.719、0.690、0.603 和 0.546，均 <0.001）。结构方程模型显示，自我效能感、态度、伦理认知和主观规范对行为意愿有积极影响（β=0.402、0.382、0.091 和 0.066，均 <0.01）。行为意愿的总效应受态度、伦理认知、自我效能感和主观规范的影响（β=0.656、0.630、0.402 和 0.157，均 <0.01）。此外，伦理认知对行为意愿有积极的中介作用（β=0.539， <0.001）。
研究结果表明，态度、伦理认知和自我效能感是影响护士行为意愿的主要因素。应通过伦理教育和培训来提高护士的态度和自我效能感，以增加照顾传染病患者的行为意愿，从而提高护理质量。
