Betts Colton, Ahlfinger Zane, Udeh Mercy C, Kirmani Batool F
School of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA.
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Neurosci Insights. 2024 Oct 8;19:26331055241287730. doi: 10.1177/26331055241287730. eCollection 2024.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is primarily a respiratory virus, but, as it spread worldwide, it became apparent that there are multiple extrapulmonary manifestations. Reports arose of young and otherwise healthy patients presenting to emergency departments with large-vessel occlusions. Because of a rapidly evolving pandemic, conflicting data sometimes arose regarding the impact of the pandemic on strokes. COVID-19 can induce a hypercoagulable and a proinflammatory state through the interactions with the ACE-2 receptor. These mechanisms may lead to the strokes, both ischemic and hemorrhagic, that are seen in this infection. Strokes, in conjunction with COVID-19 infection, tended to be more disabling and portended a higher mortality. Treatment of these strokes was challenging, as emergency departments were strained with the high burden of COVID-19 admissions. Finally, vaccines against COVID-19 were widely administered, and their potential to cause stroke as an adverse event are discussed. This article will provide an in depth review of the recent updates about the incidence, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment of strokes that are associated with COVID-19.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒主要是一种呼吸道病毒，但随着其在全球传播，明显出现了多种肺外表现。有报告称，年轻且其他方面健康的患者因大血管闭塞而前往急诊科就诊。由于疫情迅速演变，有时会出现关于疫情对中风影响的相互矛盾的数据。新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）可通过与血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE-2）受体相互作用诱导高凝状态和促炎状态。这些机制可能导致在这种感染中出现的缺血性和出血性中风。与COVID-19感染相关的中风往往致残性更强，预示着更高的死亡率。这些中风的治疗具有挑战性，因为急诊科因COVID-19入院患者的高负担而不堪重负。最后，针对COVID-19的疫苗被广泛接种，并讨论了其作为不良事件导致中风的可能性。本文将深入综述与COVID-19相关的中风在发病率、流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现和治疗方面的最新情况。
