Arast Yalda, Esfandiari Hanife, Kamranfar Farzane, Mousavi Zahra, Ameri Shah Reza Mahdieh, Pourahmad Jalal
Research center of Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2024 Dec;43(4):347-355. doi: 10.1080/15569527.2024.2410355. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
Melanoma is still one of the deadliest cancers whose prevalence has increased in recent decades. Today, many polysaccharides and their bioactive compounds have been of special importance in modern biotechnology. They have various biological and therapeutic properties. they can regulate and strengthen the immune system, lower blood pressure and cholesterol, and reduce bacterial and viral infections. According to studies, these compounds also have antitumor properties. we investigated the cytotoxic effects of obtained from solid-state fermentation (SSF) of edible medicinal mushroom on cancerous skin cells.
The mitochondria were isolated from melanoma cells via differential centrifugation and treated with various concentrations (30, 45, 60, 90, 120, and 240 µg/ml) of extract. Then, they were subjected to MTT, ROS, MMP decline, mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, and flow cytometry assays.
The results of the MTT assay showed that IC50 of extract was 60 μg/ml, and it induced a selectively significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent decrease in the SDH activity in cancerous skin mitochondria. At higher concentrations, no such effect was observed. The ROS results also showed that 30, 45, and 60 µg/ml concentrations of extract significantly increased ROS. However, no such effect was observed at higher concentrations. MMP decline and the release of cytochrome c in cancer groups mitochondria and swelling were significantly increased at 30, 45, and 60 µg/ml compared to the control group. At higher concentrations, no such effect was observed. extract at 60 µg/ml concentration increased apoptosis on melanoma cells, while it had no effect on control non-tumour cells.
Based on these results, extract at 30, 45, and 60 µg/ml showed a cytotoxic effect, while no such effect was observed at higher concentrations. Overall, it seems that has antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects on cancer cells at higher concentrations.
黑色素瘤仍然是最致命的癌症之一，其发病率在近几十年有所上升。如今，许多多糖及其生物活性化合物在现代生物技术中具有特殊重要性。它们具有多种生物学和治疗特性。它们可以调节和增强免疫系统、降低血压和胆固醇，并减少细菌和病毒感染。根据研究，这些化合物还具有抗肿瘤特性。我们研究了从食用药用蘑菇固态发酵（SSF）中获得的[提取物名称未给出]对皮肤癌细胞的细胞毒性作用。
通过差速离心从黑色素瘤细胞中分离出线粒体，并用不同浓度（30、45、60、90、120和240μg/ml）的[提取物名称未给出]提取物处理。然后，对其进行MTT、ROS、MMP下降、线粒体肿胀、细胞色素c释放和流式细胞术分析。
MTT分析结果表明，[提取物名称未给出]提取物的IC50为60μg/ml，并且它在癌性皮肤线粒体中诱导了选择性显著（P < 0.05）的浓度依赖性SDH活性降低。在较高浓度下，未观察到这种效果。ROS结果还表明，30、45和60μg/ml浓度的[提取物名称未给出]提取物显著增加了ROS。然而，在较高浓度下未观察到这种效果。与对照组相比，癌组线粒体中MMP下降和细胞色素c释放以及肿胀在30、45和60μg/ml时显著增加。在较高浓度下，未观察到这种效果。60μg/ml浓度的[提取物名称未给出]提取物增加了黑色素瘤细胞的凋亡，而对对照非肿瘤细胞没有影响。
基于这些结果，30、45和60μg/ml的[提取物名称未给出]提取物显示出细胞毒性作用，而在较高浓度下未观察到这种效果。总体而言，似乎[提取物名称未给出]在较高浓度下对癌细胞具有抗氧化和自由基清除作用。
