Choromanska Anna, Kulbacka Julita, Harasym Joanna, Dubinska-Magiera Magda, Saczko Jolanta
Acta Pol Pharm. 2017 Mar;74(2):616-623.
The currently available data suggest that natural products may exert significant cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects. Plant-derived chemotherapeutic agents such as taxol, etoposide or vincristine, currently used in cancer therapy, are prominent examples in this regard. However, there is a need for new and nat- ural anticancer compounds with low or without toxicity to normal cells. One of the active compounds responsible for the immune effects is β-glucan derived from cereals, fungi, seaweeds, yeasts and bacteria. The recent data suggest that β-glucans are potent immunomodulators with anticancer properties. Antitumor properties of fungi and yeast derived β-glucans have been widely recognized, but those polysaccharides are mostly insoluble, creating several problems especially in topical formulation. To overcome the issue of low water solubility, in the current study a more soluble β-glucan type from oats was chosen for the investigation of its antitumor activities. Cytotoxic effects were studied using a human melanoma cell line (Me45). The effect of electroporation on the antitumor activity of oat β-glucan was investigated as well. Cellular viability assessment, immuno-cytochemistry and immunofluochemistry were employed to evaluate biologic effects. Our results indicate strong anticancer properties of oat β-glucan, enhanced by electroporation.
目前可得的数据表明，天然产物可能具有显著的细胞毒性和免疫调节作用。目前用于癌症治疗的植物源化疗药物，如紫杉醇、依托泊苷或长春新碱，就是这方面的突出例子。然而，需要新型的对正常细胞毒性低或无毒性的天然抗癌化合物。负责免疫效应的活性化合物之一是源自谷物、真菌、海藻、酵母和细菌的β-葡聚糖。最近的数据表明，β-葡聚糖是具有抗癌特性的强效免疫调节剂。真菌和酵母来源的β-葡聚糖的抗肿瘤特性已得到广泛认可，但这些多糖大多不溶，尤其在局部制剂中会产生几个问题。为了克服低水溶性问题，在本研究中选择了一种来自燕麦的更易溶的β-葡聚糖类型来研究其抗肿瘤活性。使用人黑色素瘤细胞系（Me45）研究细胞毒性作用。还研究了电穿孔对燕麦β-葡聚糖抗肿瘤活性的影响。采用细胞活力评估、免疫细胞化学和免疫荧光化学来评估生物学效应。我们的结果表明燕麦β-葡聚糖具有很强的抗癌特性，电穿孔可增强其抗癌特性。
