Huff Andrew, Plover Colin, Okatch Harriet, George Brandon
College of Population Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2025 Jul;22(7):445-451. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2024.0115. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
This study examined data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Outbreak Reporting System between 2001 and 2021 for confirmed outbreaks of foodborne illness due to Ciguatoxin in the United States. Previous research into Ciguatoxin illness in the United States has focused on specific states or territories-namely Hawaii, Florida, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands-meaning the national distribution of outbreaks remains unclear. In addition, while specific categories of seafood (e.g., reef fish) are known to carry elevated risk of illness due to Ciguatoxin poisoning, it remains unclear the extent to which specific seafood items are associated with the odds of being hospitalized in an outbreak. This study calculated descriptive statistics for the distribution of outbreaks by state, season, site of exposure, and implicated seafood item. Then, binomial regression was used to assess the relationship between the implicated seafood item in an outbreak and hospitalization. Results provided evidence that knowing the implicated seafood item in an outbreak is associated with the odds of hospitalization (χ = 33.023, < 0.0001). Even when a seafood item was found to be associated with elevated odds of hospitalization, not all cases involved hospitalization. This finding aligns with Ciguatoxin poisoning case reports, noting that key epidemiological factors include not just the seafood item consumed but also the quantity and the part consumed (e.g., the head). In conclusion, public health officials should consider Ciguatoxin poisoning outbreaks as multidimensional and utilize information about the seafood consumed as well as the quantity and parts of the seafood consumed.
本研究调查了2001年至2021年期间美国疾病控制与预防中心国家疫情报告系统中因雪卡毒素导致食源性疾病确诊疫情的数据。此前对美国雪卡毒素疾病的研究主要集中在特定的州或地区，即夏威夷、佛罗里达、波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛，这意味着疫情的全国分布情况仍不清楚。此外，虽然已知特定种类的海鲜（如礁鱼）因雪卡毒素中毒而致病风险较高，但仍不清楚特定海鲜品种与疫情中住院几率的关联程度。本研究计算了按州、季节、接触地点和涉事海鲜品种划分的疫情分布的描述性统计数据。然后，使用二项式回归来评估疫情中涉事海鲜品种与住院之间的关系。结果表明，了解疫情中涉事海鲜品种与住院几率相关（χ = 33.023，< 0.0001）。即使发现某种海鲜与住院几率升高有关，并非所有病例都涉及住院治疗。这一发现与雪卡毒素中毒病例报告一致，指出关键的流行病学因素不仅包括食用的海鲜品种，还包括食用量和食用部位（如鱼头）。总之，公共卫生官员应将雪卡毒素中毒疫情视为多维度的，并利用有关食用海鲜的信息以及食用海鲜的量和部位。
