人工智能在精神卫生保健中的应用：社区和精神卫生专业人员调查。
Use of AI in Mental Health Care: Community and Mental Health Professionals Survey.
机构信息
Orygen Digital, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052, Australia, 61 3 9966 9383.
Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
JMIR Ment Health. 2024 Oct 11;11:e60589. doi: 10.2196/60589.
BACKGROUND
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly recognized as a potential solution to address mental health service challenges by automating tasks and providing new forms of support.
OBJECTIVE
This study is the first in a series which aims to estimate the current rates of AI technology use as well as perceived benefits, harms, and risks experienced by community members (CMs) and mental health professionals (MHPs).
METHODS
This study involved 2 web-based surveys conducted in Australia. The surveys collected data on demographics, technology comfort, attitudes toward AI, specific AI use cases, and experiences of benefits and harms from AI use. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and thematic analysis of open-ended responses were conducted.
RESULTS
The final sample consisted of 107 CMs and 86 MHPs. General attitudes toward AI varied, with CMs reporting neutral and MHPs reporting more positive attitudes. Regarding AI usage, 28% (30/108) of CMs used AI, primarily for quick support (18/30, 60%) and as a personal therapist (14/30, 47%). Among MHPs, 43% (37/86) used AI; mostly for research (24/37, 65%) and report writing (20/37, 54%). While the majority found AI to be generally beneficial (23/30, 77% of CMs and 34/37, 92% of MHPs), specific harms and concerns were experienced by 47% (14/30) of CMs and 51% (19/37) of MHPs. There was an equal mix of positive and negative sentiment toward the future of AI in mental health care in open feedback.
CONCLUSIONS
Commercial AI tools are increasingly being used by CMs and MHPs. Respondents believe AI will offer future advantages for mental health care in terms of accessibility, cost reduction, personalization, and work efficiency. However, they were equally concerned about reducing human connection, ethics, privacy and regulation, medical errors, potential for misuse, and data security. Despite the immense potential, integration into mental health systems must be approached with caution, addressing legal and ethical concerns while developing safeguards to mitigate potential harms. Future surveys are planned to track use and acceptability of AI and associated issues over time.
背景
人工智能（AI）已逐渐被视为解决精神健康服务挑战的潜在解决方案，它可以自动化任务并提供新形式的支持。
目的
本研究是一系列研究中的第一项，旨在评估社区成员（CM）和精神健康专业人员（MHP）使用 AI 技术的当前比率，以及他们感知到的益处、危害和风险。
方法
本研究涉及在澳大利亚进行的两项基于网络的调查。这些调查收集了人口统计学、技术舒适度、对 AI 的态度、特定的 AI 用例以及 AI 使用的益处和危害的经验等数据。计算了描述性统计数据，并对开放式回答进行了主题分析。
结果
最终样本包括 107 名 CM 和 86 名 MHP。对 AI 的总体态度各不相同，CM 报告持中立态度，而 MHP 报告持更积极的态度。关于 AI 的使用，28%（30/108）的 CM 使用了 AI，主要用于快速支持（18/30，60%）和作为个人治疗师（14/30，47%）。在 MHP 中，43%（37/86）使用了 AI；主要用于研究（24/37，65%）和报告撰写（20/37，54%）。虽然大多数人认为 AI 通常是有益的（23/30，77%的 CM 和 34/37，92%的 MHP），但 47%（14/30）的 CM 和 51%（19/37）的 MHP 经历了具体的危害和担忧。在开放反馈中，对 AI 在精神卫生保健中的未来持同样混合的积极和消极态度。
结论
商业 AI 工具越来越多地被 CM 和 MHP 使用。受访者认为，AI 将在可及性、降低成本、个性化和提高工作效率方面为精神卫生保健提供未来优势。然而，他们同样担心会减少人与人之间的联系、伦理道德、隐私和监管、医疗错误、潜在的滥用以及数据安全。尽管 AI 潜力巨大，但在将其整合到精神卫生系统时必须谨慎行事，在开发减轻潜在危害的保护措施的同时，解决法律和伦理问题。计划进行未来的调查，以跟踪 AI 的使用情况和可接受性以及相关问题随时间的变化。
Zotero 插件