水烟管尺寸很重要：水烟管尺寸对毒物暴露和主观体验的影响

Waterpipe Size Matters: The Effect of Waterpipe Size on Toxicant Exposures and Subjective Experiences.

作者信息

Dabroy Danny, Barrientos Steven Alec, Ebrahimi Kalan Mohammed, Alarabi Ahmed, Schug Kevin, Goff Roman, Islam Sabrina, Cobb Caroline O, Ben Taleb Ziyad

机构信息

Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.

Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

出版信息

Nicotine Tob Res. 2025 Jun 23;27(7):1227-1235. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntae229.

DOI:10.1093/ntr/ntae229

PMID:39392920

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Waterpipe (WP) tobacco smoking remains popular among US young adults, yet specific regulations for WP devices are lacking. This study examines how WP device size (base volume and height) affects smoking behavior, toxicant exposures, and subjective experiences.

AIMS AND METHODS

Thirty-eight individuals who smoke WP aged 21-39 participated in a randomized crossover study. Each completed three 45-min ad libitum smoking sessions using small, medium, and large WP sizes. Saliva nicotine and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) were measured before and after smoking. Puff topography was recorded during sessions, and subjective smoking experiences were collected afterwards.

RESULTS

Significant differences were observed in saliva nicotine between the three WP sizes, with higher concentrations for the small WP relative to larger sizes (p < .05). Exhaled CO was significantly higher after smoking the large WP compared to smaller sizes (p < .05). Puff topography revealed significant differences and followed a dose-response pattern, with larger size associated with longer puff duration, greater smoke volume inhaled, and larger puff volume (p < .05). The large WP was associated with enhanced subjective experiences for satisfaction and concentration compared to the small WP (p < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

WP size substantially impacts smoking experiences and exposures. Regulation of WP size should be essential in comprehensive tobacco control policies aimed at curbing WP use among young adults. These findings will aid in the developing of WP size-specific standards to regulate the marketing and sales of WP devices. Such regulations should aim to minimize toxicant exposure by controlling the dimensions and design of WP components, which can significantly influence smoking behavior and toxicant intake.

IMPLICATIONS

This study underscores the critical role of waterpipe (WP) size in shaping smoking behavior, experiences, and exposures among young adults.

摘要

引言

在美国年轻人中，吸食水烟仍然很流行，但缺乏针对水烟设备的具体规定。本研究探讨了水烟设备尺寸（底座容积和高度）如何影响吸烟行为、有毒物质暴露和主观体验。

目的和方法

38名年龄在21 - 39岁的水烟吸食者参与了一项随机交叉研究。每人使用小、中、大三种尺寸的水烟完成了三次45分钟的自由吸烟环节。在吸烟前后测量唾液中的尼古丁和呼出的一氧化碳（eCO）。在吸烟过程中记录抽吸特征，并在之后收集主观吸烟体验。

结果

三种水烟尺寸的唾液尼古丁水平存在显著差异，小尺寸水烟的尼古丁浓度高于大尺寸水烟（p < 0.05）。与小尺寸水烟相比，吸食大尺寸水烟后呼出的一氧化碳显著更高（p < 0.05）。抽吸特征显示出显著差异，并呈现剂量反应模式，尺寸越大，抽吸持续时间越长、吸入的烟雾量越大、抽吸量越大（p < 0.05）。与小尺寸水烟相比，大尺寸水烟在满意度和注意力方面的主观体验增强（p < 0.05）。