Gao Shike, Shi Yixi, Zhang Shuo, Gao Chunmei
College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, 572000, China.
Mar Environ Res. 2024 Nov;202:106760. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106760. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Marine ecosystems are facing numerous environmental challenges due to global climate change. In response to these challenges, the establishment and growth of marine ranching has emerged as a pivotal solution. Chlorophyll a concentration (Chla) is recognized as a valuable indicator for the ecological assessment of marine ranching. This study focused on the spatiotemporal distribution of Chla and its response to environmental factors according to the dataset in the marine ranching area of Haizhou Bay (Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China) from 2003 to 2022. The results showed that Chla had a significant cycle of summer > spring > autumn and was distributed evenly in the central area of the marine ranching. During interannual changes, Chla patches were centered in the central region during 2014, 2015, and 2016. The Chla patches predominantly focused on the eastern area in 2018-2019, shifting to the western area in 2020-2021. The generalized additive model (GAM) indicated that salinity, depth, temperature, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and SiO-Si were the main environmental factors affecting Chla during spring, summer and autumn. However, during El Niño events, salinity, depth, temperature, BOD and transparency became the main environmental factors. We concluded that salinity, depth and temperature consistently played a crucial role in determining Chla under various climate conditions, and SiO-Si and transparency will no longer be an environmental factor limiting Chla. In addition, The effect of interannual variability on upwelling and vertical mixing of water layers may potentially alter the spatial distribution pattern of Chla. These findings can offer ideas into predicting the variation of Chla in marine ranching under global interannual events in the future. Furthermore, this can contribute to the comprehensive assessment of ecological benefits and the in-depth construction of marine ranching. Ultimately, it can provide essential data and scientific references for offshore ecological environment assessment and ecosystem restoration.
由于全球气候变化，海洋生态系统正面临着众多环境挑战。为应对这些挑战，海洋牧场的建立建立和发展成为了关键的解决方案。叶绿素a浓度（Chla）被认为是海洋牧场生态评估的重要指标。本研究基于2003年至2022年中国江苏连云港海州湾海洋牧场区域的数据集，聚焦于Chla的时空分布及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明，Chla呈现出显著的季节循环，夏季>春季>秋季，且在海洋牧场中心区域分布较为均匀。在年际变化中，2014年、2015年和2016年Chla斑块集中在中部地区。2018 - 2019年Chla斑块主要集中在东部地区，2020 - 2021年转移至西部地区。广义相加模型（GAM）表明，盐度、深度、温度、生物需氧量（BOD）和SiO - Si是春、夏、秋季节影响Chla的主要环境因子。然而，在厄尔尼诺事件期间，盐度、深度、温度、BOD和透明度成为主要环境因子。我们得出结论，在各种气候条件下，盐度、深度和温度始终在决定Chla方面发挥着关键作用，而SiO - Si和透明度将不再是限制Chla的环境因子。此外，年际变化对上升流和水层垂直混合的影响可能会改变Chla的空间分布格局。这些发现可为未来预测全球年际事件下海洋牧场中Chla的变化提供思路。此外，这有助于对生态效益进行综合评估以及海洋牧场的深入建设。最终，可为近岸生态环境评估和生态系统恢复提供重要数据和科学参考。
