Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Research Basic Guaranteefor Immune-Related Diseases Research of Guangxi (Cultivation), Baise, Guangxi, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jan 15;369:718-764. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.047. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Previous observational clinical research has suggested a link between micronutrients and psychiatric conditions. However, the causal relationship between these nutrients and mental health disorders remains uncertain. This study endeavors to fill this knowledge gap by employing a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on pooled data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), aiming to explore the potential causal associations between 20 prevalent micronutrients and 7 common psychiatric disorders.
A collection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 20 micronutrients and seven common psychiatric disorders and extracted from a dataset comprising 7,368,835 individuals. MR analysis, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization-egger, weighted median, and sensitivity analysis, was used to evaluate the reliability of the study results. A significance threshold of p < 0.05 was used to identify evidence of potential associations.
Our forward MR analysis found some commonalities between certain micronutrients and psychiatric disorders. Notably, Vitamin D level is related to the risk of reducing depression and emotional disorders. Carotene levels were associated with an elevated risk of depression, mood disorders, bipolar disorder (BIPO), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Additionally, multivitamins ± minerals and retinol were associated with a decreased risk of BIPO, while folate and selenium levels were associated with decreased risks of dementia and schizophrenia, respectively. The study found a significant association between elevated copper levels and an increased likelihood of Bipolar Disorder (BD), while magnesium levels were observed to be positively correlated with a heightened risk of depression. Our sensitivity study confirmed the results of the IVW MR primary analysis.
Our study suggests that carotene, copper, and magnesium are important risk factors for depression, mood disorders, PTSD, phobia, BIPO, and dementia. Elevated levels of these micronutrients are related to an increased likelihood of these disorders.
先前的观察性临床研究表明，微量营养素与精神疾病之间存在关联。然而，这些营养素与精神健康障碍之间的因果关系尚不确定。本研究通过对来自全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的汇总数据进行孟德尔随机化（MR）分析，努力填补这一知识空白，旨在探讨 20 种常见微量营养素与 7 种常见精神疾病之间的潜在因果关联。
从包含 7368835 个人的数据集提取与 20 种微量营养素和 7 种常见精神疾病相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。使用 MR 分析，包括逆方差加权（IVW）、孟德尔随机化- Egger、加权中位数和敏感性分析，评估研究结果的可靠性。使用 p < 0.05 的显著性阈值来识别潜在关联的证据。
我们的正向 MR 分析发现某些微量营养素和精神疾病之间存在一些共同之处。值得注意的是，维生素 D 水平与降低抑郁和情绪障碍的风险有关。类胡萝卜素水平与抑郁、情绪障碍、双相情感障碍（BIPO）和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险升高有关。此外，多种维生素 ± 矿物质和视黄醇与 BIPO 风险降低相关，而叶酸和硒水平与痴呆症和精神分裂症风险降低相关。研究发现，铜水平升高与 BIPO 发病几率增加之间存在显著关联，而镁水平与抑郁风险升高呈正相关。我们的敏感性研究证实了 IVW MR 主要分析的结果。
我们的研究表明，类胡萝卜素、铜和镁是抑郁、情绪障碍、PTSD、恐惧症、BIPO 和痴呆症的重要危险因素。这些微量营养素水平升高与这些疾病的发病几率增加有关。
