Yang Yiting, Gan Mailin, Liu Chengming, Xie Zhongwei, Wang Meng, Zhou Chengpeng, Cheng Wenqiang, Chen Lei, Zhang Shunhua, Zhao Ye, Niu Lili, Wang Yan, Wang Jingyong, Shen Linyuan, Zhu Li
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China.
Genomics. 2024 Nov;116(6):110950. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110950. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Tibetan pigs are a locally bred domestic pig breed originating from the Tibetan Plateau in China. They can be categorized into four distinct groups based on their geographical locations: Sichuan Tibetan pigs, Tibetan pigs from Tibet, Yunnan Tibetan pigs, and Gansu Tibetan pigs. This study aimed to explore population diversity, genetic structure and selection signals among Tibetan pigs in four Chinese national nature reserves. The results show that there is different observed heterozygosity among Tibetan pig populations (0.1957-0.1978). Ratio of runs of homozygosity (F) calculation of four Tibetan pig populations by runs of homozygosity (ROH) revealed the presence of inbreeding within the population (0.0336-0.0378). Analysis of the genetic structure demonstrated distinct population stratification among the four Tibetan pig populations, with each showing relatively independent evolutionary directions. Furthermore, Five methods (FST, Piratio, ROD, Tajima's D, XP-CLR) were used to artificially select evolutionary trajectories. The results mainly involved processes such as DNA repair, immune regulation, muscle fat deposition and adaptation to hypoxia. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of the genetic characteristics of Tibetan pig populations and provides a theoretical reference for the conservation of resources across different populations of Tibetan pigs.
藏猪是原产于中国青藏高原的地方培育家猪品种。根据地理位置，它们可分为四个不同的群体：四川藏猪、西藏藏猪、云南藏猪和甘肃藏猪。本研究旨在探索中国四个国家级自然保护区内藏猪群体的种群多样性、遗传结构和选择信号。结果表明，藏猪群体间观察到的杂合度存在差异（0.1957 - 0.1978）。通过纯合子片段（ROH）计算四个藏猪群体的纯合子片段比例（F），揭示了群体内存在近亲繁殖现象（0.0336 - 0.0378）。遗传结构分析表明，四个藏猪群体间存在明显的种群分层，每个群体都呈现出相对独立的进化方向。此外，使用了五种方法（FST、Piratio、ROD、Tajima's D、XP - CLR）来人工选择进化轨迹。结果主要涉及DNA修复、免疫调节、肌肉脂肪沉积和低氧适应等过程。总之，本研究增进了我们对藏猪群体遗传特征的理解，并为不同藏猪群体的资源保护提供了理论参考。
