Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia.
Acta Biomater. 2024 Nov;189:73-87. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.10.009. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Given the crucial role nerves play in maintaining corneal function and integrity, the ability of bioengineered cornea to demonstrate functional nerve regeneration directly influences their longevity and stability. Despite advances in biofabrication techniques and an increasing appreciation of the importance of neural innervation, to this day none have completely replicated the complexity and functionality of the cornea with successful innervation. This review evaluates the materials and fabrication techniques used to produce and enhance innervation in bioengineered cornea. Approaches to facilitating innervation are discussed and methods of assessing innervation compared. Finally, current challenges and future directions for innervated bioengineered cornea are presented, providing guidance for future work. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The functional nerve regeneration in bioengineered corneas directly influences their longevity and stability. Despite advancements in biofabrication techniques and growing recognition of the importance of neural innervation for bioengineered cornea, there remains a lack of comprehensive reviews on this topic. This review addresses the critical gap by evaluating the materials and fabrication techniques employed to promote innervation in bioengineered corneas. Additionally, we discuss various approaches to enhancing innervation, compare assessment methods, and examine both in vitro and in vivo responses. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and highlighting challenges and future directions, this review aims to provide guidance for inducing innervation of bioengineered cornea.
鉴于神经在维持角膜功能和完整性方面的关键作用，生物工程角膜能够展示功能性神经再生，这直接影响它们的寿命和稳定性。尽管生物制造技术取得了进展，并且人们越来越认识到神经支配的重要性，但迄今为止，没有任何一种方法能够完全复制具有成功神经支配的角膜的复杂性和功能。本综述评估了用于产生和增强生物工程角膜神经支配的材料和制造技术。讨论了促进神经支配的方法，并比较了神经支配的评估方法。最后，提出了具有神经支配的生物工程角膜的当前挑战和未来方向，为未来的工作提供了指导。
生物工程角膜中的功能性神经再生直接影响其寿命和稳定性。尽管生物制造技术取得了进展，并且人们越来越认识到神经支配对生物工程角膜的重要性，但关于这个主题仍然缺乏全面的综述。本综述通过评估用于促进生物工程角膜神经支配的材料和制造技术来解决这一关键差距。此外，我们讨论了各种增强神经支配的方法，比较了评估方法，并研究了体外和体内的反应。通过全面概述研究现状，强调挑战和未来方向，本综述旨在为生物工程角膜的神经支配诱导提供指导。
