Bennett Thomas D, Horike Satoshi, Mauro John C, Smedskjaer Morten M, Wondraczek Lothar
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Nat Chem. 2024 Nov;16(11):1755-1766. doi: 10.1038/s41557-024-01616-8. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
Glasses are typically formed by melt-quenching, that is, cooling of a liquid on a timescale fast enough to avoid ordering to a crystalline state, and formerly thought to comprise three categories: inorganic (non-metallic), organic and metallic. Their impact is huge, providing safe containers, allowing comfortable and bright living spaces and even underlying the foundations of modern telecommunication. This impact is tempered by the inability to chemically design glasses with precise, well-defined and tunable structures: the literal quest for order in disorder. However, metal-organic or hybrid glasses are now considered to belong to a fourth category of glass chemistry. They have recently been demonstrated upon melt-quenching of coordination polymer, metal-organic framework and hybrid perovskite framework solids. In this Review, we discuss hybrid glasses through the lens of both crystalline metal-organic framework and glass chemistry, physics and engineering, to provide a vision for the future of this class of materials.
玻璃通常通过熔体淬火形成,即液体在足够快的时间尺度上冷却,以避免有序排列成晶体状态,以前认为玻璃包括三类:无机(非金属)、有机和金属。它们的影响巨大,提供安全的容器,营造舒适明亮的生活空间,甚至是现代电信的基础。然而,由于无法对具有精确、明确和可调结构的玻璃进行化学设计,这种影响受到了限制:即在无序中寻求有序。不过,金属有机或混合玻璃现在被认为属于玻璃化学的第四类。最近,在配位聚合物、金属有机框架和混合钙钛矿框架固体的熔体淬火过程中证实了它们的存在。在本综述中,我们从晶体金属有机框架以及玻璃化学、物理和工程的角度讨论混合玻璃,以展望这类材料的未来。