Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection Technologies, Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, 103 Chudnivska Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine; Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7070, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection Technologies, Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, 103 Chudnivska Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine.
Chemosphere. 2024 Oct;366:143525. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143525. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
We conducted a 10-year field experiment to study the effects of potassium chloride, wood ash, zinc, and manganese on reducing Cs uptake by young leaves and green shoots of common dwarf shrubs and tree species near the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant. A field experiment had four treatments: a control with no fertilisation, and three fertilised treatments: potassium fertiliser (KCl), a combination of potassium fertiliser and wood ash (KCl + Ash), and a solution providing zinc and manganese (EDTA). There was approximately 30 % decrease in Cs uptake by most of the studied plants species growing on plots fertilised with KCl compared to unfertilised plots during intermediate (2014-2016) and late (2018-2021) periods. Combining KCl with wood ash was found to be the most effective countermeasure, reducing Cs uptake by up to 60% in most species, while treatment with EDTA was less effective. Generally, the decline in Cs uptake by plants over the study years following treatments with fertilisers was more pronounced than in the control, indicating the efficiency of fertilisation in reducing Cs uptake by forest plants. Our research suggests that a combination of potassium chloride and wood ash can still effectively reduce Cs transfer in most common forest species, even years after the accident.
我们进行了为期 10 年的田间试验，研究了氯化钾、草木灰、锌和锰对减少切尔诺贝利核电站附近的常见矮灌木和树种的幼叶和绿枝对 Cs 吸收的影响。田间试验有四种处理：不施肥的对照，以及三种施肥处理：钾肥（KCl）、钾肥和草木灰的组合（KCl+Ash）以及提供锌和锰的溶液（EDTA）。与未施肥的处理相比，在中期（2014-2016 年）和晚期（2018-2021 年），大多数在 KCl 施肥处理下生长的研究植物物种对 Cs 的吸收减少了约 30%。发现将 KCl 与草木灰结合使用是最有效的对策，可使大多数物种对 Cs 的吸收减少高达 60%，而 EDTA 处理的效果则较差。一般来说，在施肥处理后的研究年份中，植物对 Cs 的吸收下降比对照更为明显，这表明施肥在减少森林植物对 Cs 的吸收方面是有效的。我们的研究表明，即使在事故发生多年后，氯化钾和草木灰的组合仍然可以有效地减少大多数常见森林物种中的 Cs 转移。
