Chou Chia-Yi, Cheng Chung-Yi, Lee Chih-Hsin, Kuro-O Makoto, Chen Tso-Hsiao, Wang San-Yuan, Chuang Yung-Kun, Yang Yun-Jung, Lin Yun-Hsuan, Tsai I-Lin
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2025 Feb;58(1):27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.09.007. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Hemodialysis patients exhibit a reduced response to vaccination and have different vaccine dose regimens. Vaccines induce antibodies and affect the inflammatory balance through antibody glycosylation and effector functions. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the antibody glycosylation profiles in hemodialysis patients who were vaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, infected with the virus, or both, and compare them with those of dialysis patients in a control group.
Plasma samples from 112 hemodialysis patients were assigned to four groups: control, infected, vaccinated, and post-vaccine-infected. Paired plasma samples from 47 people with vaccination (vaccinees) were analyzed before and after the booster dose. The same analytical approach was applied to the four groups for a cross-sectional comparison.
Our study found that both vaccination and infection groups showed decreased fucosylation of IgG1, which is associated with a proinflammatory biosignature. However, vaccination also leads to increased galactosylation and bisection of IgG antibodies, which are associated with anti-inflammatory effects and the additional regulation of immune responses. In contrast, infection led to an additional decrease in the fucosylation of IgG2 and IgA, demonstrating a more intense proinflammatory biosignature than vaccination.
Our findings emphasize the proinflammatory biosignature of afucosylation in both vaccination and infection groups. Additionally, we uncovered further regulated profiles related to galactosylation in vaccinees. These findings suggest that antibody investigation for vaccination or infection should not solely focus on neutralization but should also consider effector function-related glycosylation profiling. This comprehensive information can be valuable for fine-tuning vaccine development in the future.
血液透析患者对疫苗接种的反应降低，且有不同的疫苗剂量方案。疫苗通过抗体糖基化和效应功能诱导抗体并影响炎症平衡。因此，我们旨在分析接种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2疫苗、感染该病毒或两者兼有的血液透析患者的抗体糖基化谱，并将其与对照组的透析患者进行比较。
将112名血液透析患者的血浆样本分为四组：对照组、感染组、接种组和接种后感染组。对47名接种疫苗者（受种者）在加强剂量前后的配对血浆样本进行分析。对这四组采用相同的分析方法进行横断面比较。
我们的研究发现，接种组和感染组的IgG1岩藻糖基化均降低，这与促炎生物标志物相关。然而，接种疫苗也会导致IgG抗体的半乳糖基化增加和双糖基化增加，这与抗炎作用和免疫反应的额外调节相关。相比之下，感染导致IgG2和IgA的岩藻糖基化进一步降低，表明其促炎生物标志物比接种疫苗更强烈。
我们的研究结果强调了接种组和感染组中去岩藻糖基化的促炎生物标志物。此外，我们还发现了与受种者半乳糖基化相关的进一步调节谱。这些发现表明，对接种疫苗或感染进行抗体研究不应仅关注中和作用，还应考虑与效应功能相关的糖基化谱。这些全面的信息对于未来优化疫苗开发可能具有重要价值。
