Grodin Erica N, Baskerville Wave-Ananda, McManus Kaitlin R, Irwin Michael R, Ray Lara A
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2024 Nov;48(11):2079-2088. doi: 10.1111/acer.15444. Epub 2024 Oct 13.
Insomnia commonly co-occurs with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and predicts poorer outcomes for those with AUD. Insomnia and AUD are individually associated with increases in systemic inflammation. Insomnia and inflammation both serve as risk factors for relapse in AUD. However, little is known about the relationship between insomnia and systemic inflammation in individuals with AUD. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between the severity of insomnia symptoms and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines in a sample of treatment-seeking individuals with an AUD.
This secondary analysis included 101 (61M/40F) individuals with an AUD. Participants were categorized into groups based on their scores on the Insomnia Severity Index: no insomnia (n = 47), subthreshold insomnia (n = 37), and clinical insomnia (n = 17). Participants provided blood samples to measure plasma levels of four peripheral markers of inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and CRP). Inflammatory marker levels were compared between groups. Interactive effects of sex and AUD severity were examined.
There was a significant main effect of insomnia group on log IL-8 levels (F = 6.52, p = 0.002), such that individuals with AUD and clinical insomnia had higher log IL-8 levels compared to both the no insomnia and subthreshold insomnia groups (ps ≤ 0.05). Sex and AUD severity interacted with this relationship, such that men with clinical insomnia and AUD and individuals with severe AUD had higher log IL-8 levels. There were no significant effects of insomnia on IL-6, TNF-α, or CRP levels.
The present study identified a specific elevation in IL-8 levels in individuals with an AUD and clinical insomnia that was not identified in other markers of peripheral inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP). Sex and AUD severity interacted with insomnia symptoms, indicating that those with clinical insomnia and severe AUD or male sex may be the most vulnerable to the inflammatory consequences associated with AUD and clinical insomnia symptoms.
失眠常与酒精使用障碍（AUD）同时出现，并预示着AUD患者的预后较差。失眠和AUD分别与全身炎症增加有关。失眠和炎症都是AUD复发的危险因素。然而，对于患有AUD的个体，失眠与全身炎症之间的关系知之甚少。因此，本研究在一组寻求治疗的AUD个体样本中，考察了失眠症状严重程度与炎症细胞因子血浆水平之间的关系。
这项二次分析纳入了101名（61名男性/40名女性）患有AUD的个体。参与者根据其失眠严重程度指数得分被分为几组：无失眠（n = 47）、亚阈值失眠（n = 37）和临床失眠（n = 17）。参与者提供血样以测量四种外周炎症标志物（IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α和CRP）的血浆水平。比较各组之间的炎症标志物水平。考察性别和AUD严重程度的交互作用。
失眠组对log IL-8水平有显著的主效应（F = 6.52，p = 0.002），即与无失眠组和亚阈值失眠组相比，患有AUD和临床失眠的个体log IL-8水平更高（p值均≤0.05）。性别和AUD严重程度与这种关系存在交互作用，即患有临床失眠和AUD的男性以及患有严重AUD的个体log IL-8水平更高。失眠对IL-6、TNF-α或CRP水平没有显著影响。
本研究发现，患有AUD和临床失眠的个体中IL-8水平有特定升高，而在外周炎症的其他标志物（IL-6、TNF-α、CRP）中未发现这种情况。性别和AUD严重程度与失眠症状存在交互作用，表明患有临床失眠和严重AUD的个体或男性可能最易受到与AUD和临床失眠症状相关的炎症后果的影响。
