Huang Shizhuan, Wu Dehai, Liao Guanqun, Liang Ming, Zhang Yaohui, Wu Haotian, Tang Daowei, Wen Dixiang, Jiang Bo, Yu Shan, Tai Sheng
Department of Hepatic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Foshan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Discov Oncol. 2024 Oct 13;15(1):551. doi: 10.1007/s12672-024-01427-w.
Oncolytic viral immunotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses native or genetically modified viruses that selectively replicate and destroy tumor cells. In this study, we aimed to construct a virus-based prognostic model for risk assessment and prognosis prediction in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and determine the most appropriate virus as a candidate vector for oncolytic virus immunotherapy. Microbiome and RNA sequencing data and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and viruses with prognostic value were identified (Deltabaculovirus, Sicinivirus, and Cytomegalovirus) to construct the prognostic model. Correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive function of the viral signature. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to explore the functional enrichment of viral expression in HCC. The risk score generated by this model could distinguish patients with different survival outcomes, have excellent reliability and accuracy, and could be used as an independent prognostic indicator. The high-risk score group showed significantly lower overall survival, and this trend was also observed in subgroups with different clinicopathological features. Furthermore, Deltabaculovirus positively correlated with amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism signaling pathways, peroxisomes, and complement coagulation cascades. In addition, Deltabaculovirus was significantly related to immune cell infiltration; therefore, patients with high Delta-baculovirus expression might respond better to HCC immunotherapy. Our study identified a promising predictive viral signature for assessing clinical prognosis and guiding immunotherapy in HCC. Deltabaculovirus might be a suitable viral vector for oncolytic virus immunotherapy.
溶瘤病毒免疫疗法是一种癌症治疗方法，它使用天然或基因改造的病毒，这些病毒能选择性地复制并破坏肿瘤细胞。在本研究中，我们旨在构建一个基于病毒的预后模型，用于评估肝细胞癌（HCC）患者的风险并预测预后，并确定最合适的病毒作为溶瘤病毒免疫疗法的候选载体。从癌症基因组图谱获取微生物组和RNA测序数据以及临床信息，鉴定出具有预后价值的病毒（杆状DNA病毒属、西西里病毒和巨细胞病毒）以构建预后模型。进行相关性分析以评估病毒特征的预测功能。开展生物信息学分析以探索HCC中病毒表达的功能富集情况。该模型生成的风险评分能够区分具有不同生存结局的患者，具有出色的可靠性和准确性，并且可作为独立的预后指标。高风险评分组的总生存期显著更低，在具有不同临床病理特征的亚组中也观察到了这种趋势。此外，杆状DNA病毒属与氨基酸代谢、能量代谢信号通路、过氧化物酶体和补体凝血级联反应呈正相关。此外，杆状DNA病毒属与免疫细胞浸润显著相关；因此，杆状DNA病毒属高表达的患者可能对HCC免疫疗法反应更好。我们的研究确定了一个有前景的预测病毒特征，用于评估HCC的临床预后并指导免疫疗法。杆状DNA病毒属可能是溶瘤病毒免疫疗法的合适病毒载体。
