Liu Aifeng, Nemacheck Jill A, Li Hongwei, Anderson Kirk M, DeWitt Noah, Harris Marion O, Xu Steven S, Subramanyam Subhashree
Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
J Econ Entomol. 2024 Dec 28;117(6):2678-2683. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae233.
The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) belonging to the order Diptera (family: Cecidomyiidae), is a destructive pest of host wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) causing significant economic losses. Although planting resistant wheat cultivars harboring an effective Hessian fly resistance gene (H) is the most economical and environmentally friendly pest management strategy, it imposes selection pressure on the insect populations and can lead to the evolution of Hessian fly virulence. This results in the eventual failure of the deployed H gene. New sources and novel types of resistance are urgently needed to expand the repertoire of H genes and enable strategies that are more effective and durable over the long-term. New sources of Hessian fly resistance have been identified from tetraploid (T. turgidum L., AABB) and hexaploid (T. aestivum, AABBDD) wheat species, as well as from wheat's D-genome donor (Aegilops tauschii Coss., DD). In contrast, diploid einkorn wheat (T. monococcum L., AA) has not been extensively explored for Hessian fly resistance. In this study, we phenotyped 506 T. monococcum accessions belonging to 2 subspecies, T. monococcum L. subsp. monococcum (205 accessions) and T. monococcum subsp. aegilopoides (Link) Thell. (301 accessions), for resistance against 2 predominant Hessian fly biotypes, L and GP (Great Plains). Three and 6 accessions belonging to subsp. monococcum and aegilopoides, respectively, showed > 70% resistance. These accessions provide additional resources for improving wheat cultivars as mitigating strategies for Hessian fly management.
黑森瘿蚊（Mayetiola destructor (Say)）属于双翅目（瘿蚊科），是寄主小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的一种毁灭性害虫，会造成重大经济损失。虽然种植携带有效黑森瘿蚊抗性基因（H）的抗性小麦品种是最经济且环保的害虫管理策略，但它会对昆虫种群施加选择压力，并可能导致黑森瘿蚊毒力的进化。这最终会导致所部署的H基因失效。迫切需要新的抗性来源和新型抗性，以扩大H基因库，并实现长期更有效且持久的策略。已从四倍体（T. turgidum L., AABB）和六倍体（T. aestivum, AABBDD）小麦物种以及小麦的D基因组供体（节节麦（Aegilops tauschii Coss., DD））中鉴定出黑森瘿蚊抗性的新来源。相比之下，二倍体一粒小麦（T. monococcum L., AA）尚未被广泛研究其对黑森瘿蚊的抗性。在本研究中，我们对属于2个亚种的506份一粒小麦种质进行了表型分析，这2个亚种分别是一粒小麦（T. monococcum L. subsp. monococcum，205份种质）和拟斯卑尔脱一粒小麦（T. monococcum subsp. aegilopoides (Link) Thell.，301份种质），以检测它们对2种主要黑森瘿蚊生物型L和GP（大平原地区）的抗性。分别属于一粒小麦亚种和拟斯卑尔脱一粒小麦亚种的3份和6份种质表现出>70%的抗性。这些种质为改良小麦品种提供了额外资源，可作为黑森瘿蚊管理的缓解策略。
