Biomaterials Engineering Group (bioMEG), Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, UK.
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, UK.
Biomater Sci. 2024 Nov 5;12(22):5680-5703. doi: 10.1039/d4bm00903g.
The field of bone repair and regeneration has undergone significant advancements, yet challenges persist in achieving optimal bone implants or scaffolds, particularly load-bearing bone implants. This review explores the current landscape of bone implants, emphasizing the complexity of bone anatomy and the emerging paradigm of biomimicry inspired by natural structures. Nature, as a master architect, offers insights into the design of biomaterials that can closely emulate the mechanical properties and hierarchical organization of bone. By drawing parallels with nacre, the mollusk shells renowned for their exceptional strength and toughness, researchers have endeavored to develop bone implants with enhanced biocompatibility and mechanical robustness. This paper surveys the literature on various nacre-inspired composites, particularly ceramic/polymer composites like calcium phosphate (CaP), which exhibit promising similarities to native bone tissue. By harnessing the principles of hierarchical organization and organic-inorganic interfaces observed in natural structures, researchers aim to overcome existing limitations in bone implant technology, paving the way for more durable, biocompatible, and functionally integrated solutions in orthopedic and dental applications.
骨修复和再生领域取得了重大进展，但在实现最佳骨植入物或支架方面仍然存在挑战，特别是承重骨植入物。本综述探讨了骨植入物的当前现状，强调了骨解剖结构的复杂性和受自然结构启发的仿生学新兴范例。大自然作为一位杰出的建筑师，为设计能够模拟骨的机械性能和层次结构的生物材料提供了深刻的见解。通过与珍珠母（一种以强度和韧性而闻名的软体动物贝壳）进行类比，研究人员致力于开发具有增强生物相容性和机械鲁棒性的骨植入物。本文综述了各种受珍珠母启发的复合材料的文献，特别是钙磷（CaP）等陶瓷/聚合物复合材料，它们与天然骨组织具有相似的特性。通过利用在天然结构中观察到的层次组织和有机-无机界面的原理，研究人员旨在克服骨植入物技术中的现有局限性，为骨科和牙科应用中更耐用、生物相容和功能整合的解决方案铺平道路。
