Xu Jiyan, Xu Weiwei, Sang Mengjiao
Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 27;10(19):e38590. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38590. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
Motor skill learning is a field where implicit and explicit synergistic learning is particularly evident in authentic situations. While current research on analogical learning, an effective method of implicit learning, is largely focused on theoretical discussions and separability studies, there are relatively few studies that combine analogical learning with explicit learning. In this study, a one-way experimental design was utilized to investigate the synergistic effect of analogical learning and explicit learning on the acquisition of forehand hitting skills in beginning tennis players. A total of thirty-nine children aged 6-8 years were randomly assigned to different groups: one group learned through analogical learning after explicit learning, another group learned through analogical learning followed by explicit learning, and the final group learned through alternating analogical and explicit learning. The performance of each group was evaluated based on retention and transfer tests, measuring batting accuracy, action scores, and number of knowledge mastery. The results showed that the group that underwent analogical learning followed by explicit learning performed better compared to the other two groups. These findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the learning of tennis skills of children beginners and the teaching of coaches.
运动技能学习是一个领域，在真实情境中，内隐学习和外显学习的协同作用尤为明显。虽然目前关于类比学习（一种有效的内隐学习方法）的研究主要集中在理论探讨和可分离性研究上，但将类比学习与外显学习相结合的研究相对较少。在本研究中，采用单向实验设计来探究类比学习和外显学习对初学者网球正手击球技能习得的协同效应。共有39名6至8岁的儿童被随机分配到不同组：一组在进行外显学习后通过类比学习，另一组先通过类比学习再进行外显学习，最后一组通过交替进行类比学习和外显学习。根据保持测试和迁移测试对每组的表现进行评估，测量击球准确性、动作得分和知识掌握数量。结果表明，先进行类比学习再进行外显学习的组比其他两组表现更好。这些发现为儿童初学者网球技能的学习和教练的教学提供了理论支持和实践指导。
