Reid Machar, Crespo Miguel, Lay Brendan, Berry Jason
School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2007 Feb;10(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.05.011. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
Common to most tennis players is the desire to improve performance. Equipped with the necessary motivation, these players can spend countless hours rehearsing tennis' skills under the guidance of a coach. Often, these practices feature repetitious hitting, with little consideration given to the actual context in which the game's skills are expressed. Alternatively, training sessions that amount to little more than poorly structured game-play, devoid of any specific goals or objectives, are also discernible. Either way, player learning and long-term performance are unlikely to be optimised. So, where tennis coaches have long relied on certain instructional approaches and types of practices to enhance player performance, their efficacy is uncertain. Indeed, a growing body of research suggests that players stand to benefit from the earlier introduction of variable and random practices and feedback that is more intrinsic in nature rather than time-honoured overly prescriptive coaching. This review considers contemporary skill acquisition research in relation to current tennis coaching practice.
大多数网球运动员的共同愿望是提高成绩。有了必要的动力，这些运动员可以在教练的指导下花费无数时间练习网球技巧。通常，这些练习以重复击球为主，很少考虑这些比赛技巧实际运用的场景。或者，也可以看到一些训练课程只不过是结构松散的比赛，没有任何具体目标。不管怎样，球员的学习和长期表现都不太可能得到优化。因此，尽管长期以来网球教练一直依赖某些教学方法和练习类型来提高球员表现，但其效果并不确定。事实上，越来越多的研究表明，球员若能更早引入可变和随机练习以及更具内在性的反馈，而非传统的过度规定性指导，可能会从中受益。本综述探讨了与当前网球教练实践相关的当代技能习得研究。
