Rotimi Damilare Emmanuel, Iyobhebhe Matthew, Oluwayemi Elizabeth Temidayo, Olajide Olasunkanmi Peter, Akinsanola Bolanle Adenike, Evbuomwan Ikponmwosa Owen, Asaleye Rotdelmwa Maimako, Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke
Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria.
SDG 3, Good Health & Well-being, Landmark University, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 27;10(19):e38591. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38591. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
Infertility has become a significant health burden around the globe as it is believed that 15 % of married couples struggle with infertility, with half of the problem accrued to the male. The issue of male infertility could be traced to insufficient or absence of spermatozoa. Glucose metabolism is essential for continued spermatogenesis and for the reproductive potential of sperm cells. Appropriate nutrition is critical in maintaining reproductive function as caloric restriction along with weight reduction, excessive food consumption and obesity are harmful to reproductive function. The link between metabolism and reproduction is tied to metabolic hormones like insulin, leptin and thyroid, extracellular environment, mitochondria function, nutrient substrate, availability, and environmental stressors. Although matured spermatozoa utilize glucose directly, it is not the preferred energy substrate for germ cells as they rely on Sertoli cells to supply lactate. The reproductive potential of sperm cells depends on certain modifications like hyperactivated motility, which is mainly dependent on glucose metabolism. Without other energy sources, spermatozoa utilize their internal lipid stores. The uptake and metabolism of glucose by sperm are essential endpoints for determining the potential fertility of male individuals. The biological energy in sperm cells fuels all the physiological processes they engage in, from their deposition in the female reproductive tract to the point where they fertilize an egg. This article thus reviews facts pertinent to the energy metabolism of male germ cells and Sertoli cells.
不孕症已成为全球一项重大的健康负担，因为据信15%的已婚夫妇存在不孕问题，其中一半问题归咎于男性。男性不育问题可追溯到精子数量不足或缺失。葡萄糖代谢对于持续的精子发生以及精子细胞的生殖潜能至关重要。适当的营养对于维持生殖功能至关重要，因为热量限制以及体重减轻、过度饮食和肥胖对生殖功能有害。代谢与生殖之间的联系与胰岛素、瘦素和甲状腺等代谢激素、细胞外环境、线粒体功能、营养底物、可用性以及环境应激源有关。尽管成熟的精子直接利用葡萄糖，但它不是生殖细胞的首选能量底物，因为它们依赖支持细胞来提供乳酸。精子细胞的生殖潜能取决于某些修饰，如超激活运动，这主要依赖于葡萄糖代谢。在没有其他能量来源的情况下，精子利用其内部的脂质储备。精子对葡萄糖的摄取和代谢是确定男性个体潜在生育能力的重要终点。精子细胞中的生物能量为它们参与的所有生理过程提供动力，从它们在女性生殖道中的沉积到使卵子受精的那一刻。因此，本文综述了与雄性生殖细胞和支持细胞能量代谢相关的事实。
