Dong Shixin
School of Public Health, KRIRK University Bangkok 10220, Thailand.
Information Services Department, Jinan Health Care Development Center Jinan 250000, Shandong, China.
Am J Transl Res. 2024 Sep 15;16(9):4577-4588. doi: 10.62347/VNQF2150. eCollection 2024.
To investigate the epidemiological patterns of respiratory infectious diseases in Jinan from 2021 to 2023 and to elucidate the relationship among these diseases, meteorological factors, and air pollution.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of outpatient and inpatient data related to respiratory infectious diseases recorded by the Jinan Health Care Development Center from 2021 to 2023. Additionally, we gathered data on outdoor air pollution indicators and meteorological variables from 14 environmental monitoring stations in Jinan. A generalized Poisson regression model for time series analysis was employed to examine the correlation between meteorological factors, air pollution levels, and hospitalization rates for respiratory infectious diseases.
From 2021 to 2023, the daily average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and carbon monoxide (CO) adhered to the national air quality standards, while the daily average concentrations of inhalable particulate matter (PM) and fine particulate matter (PM) exceeded the national first-class limits. The daily average concentration of ozone (O) surpassed the national secondary standard, indicating severe O pollution. Regarding respiratory disease patients, the relative risk (RR) values of PM, PM, SO, NO, and CO were highest at a lag of 07 d. Compared to other age groups, PM, SO, NO, and CO had a more significant impact on respiratory disease treatment on children aged 0-12, while PM significantly affected individuals aged 60 and above. In the single pollution model, RR values corresponding to PM, PM, SO, CO, and NO were 1.008, 1.058, 1.224, 1.405, and 1.102 respectively on lag07d. The multi-pollutant model maintained the positive relationship between the total hospitalization frequency of respiratory diseases and CO, NO, SO, PM, and PM.
Our study found a strong, positive correlation with a lag effect between total number of hospitalizations for common respiratory diseases and pollutants CO, NO, SO, PM, and PM in the examined sample.
调查2021年至2023年济南市呼吸道传染病的流行模式，阐明这些疾病、气象因素和空气污染之间的关系。
我们对济南市卫生保健发展中心2021年至2023年记录的呼吸道传染病门诊和住院数据进行了回顾性分析。此外，我们收集了济南市14个环境监测站的室外空气污染指标和气象变量数据。采用时间序列分析的广义泊松回归模型来检验气象因素、空气污染水平与呼吸道传染病住院率之间的相关性。
2021年至2023年，大气污染物二氧化硫（SO）、二氧化氮（NO）和一氧化碳（CO）的日均浓度符合国家空气质量标准，而可吸入颗粒物（PM）和细颗粒物（PM）的日均浓度超过国家一级限值。臭氧（O）的日均浓度超过国家二级标准，表明存在严重的O污染。对于呼吸道疾病患者，PM、PM、SO、NO和CO的相对风险（RR）值在滞后07天时最高。与其他年龄组相比，PM、SO、NO和CO对0至12岁儿童的呼吸道疾病治疗影响更大，而PM对60岁及以上人群有显著影响。在单一污染模型中，滞后07天时，PM、PM、SO、CO和NO对应的RR值分别为1.008、1.058、1.224、1.405和1.102。多污染物模型维持了呼吸道疾病总住院频率与CO、NO、SO、PM和PM之间的正相关关系。
我们的研究发现，在所检查的样本中，常见呼吸道疾病的总住院人数与污染物CO、NO、SO、PM和PM之间存在强烈的、具有滞后效应的正相关关系。
